英汉翻译之增词法.ppt

9. According to scientists, it takes nature 500 years to create an inch of topsoil. 10. A scientist constantly tried to defeat his hypotheses, his theories, and his conclusion. 根据科学家们的看法，自然界要用500 年的时间才能形成一英寸厚的表层土壤。 科学家经常设法推翻自己的假设，否定自己的理论，放弃自己的结论。 II. 出于结构需要而增词 1. Supplying Necessary Connectives 1) Heated, water will change into vapor. 2) However carefully boiler casings and steam pipes are sealed, some heat escapes and is lost. 3) Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it. 水如受热,就会汽化。 不管锅炉壳与蒸汽管封闭得多么严密，还是有一部分热散失损耗掉。 因为空气具有重量，所以处在空气中的任何物体都会受到空气的作用力 。 II. 出于结构需要而增词 2. Supplying Words to Indicate Different Tenses or Sequences 1) He served in the army for ten years. 2) In Beijing, there was a divine scale and a higgledy-piggledy scale. 他服过十年兵役。 过去的北京既有一种神圣的规模，又有一种杂乱无章的格局。 II. 出于结构需要而增词 3) We won’t retreat; we never have and never will. 4) I had imagined it to be merely a gesture of affection, but it seems it is to smell the lamb and make sure that it is her own. 我们不会后退，我们从未后退过，将来也绝不后退。 我原本以为这不过是一种亲热的表示，但现在看来，这是为了嗅嗅小羊羔气味，以断定它是不是自己的孩子。 Amplification for Purposes of Rhetoric or Coherence I came to a garden of grottoes, pavilions and shapely rocks and trees. 我来到一个假山花园前，园中亭阁玲珑，山石嶙峋，树木葱郁。 III.出于修辞需要而增词 Amplification by Repetition 英语为避免重复，尽量使用各种替代手段；而汉语喜欢排比结构，英译汉时，可适当增加一些重复词，以顺应汉语行文的特点。 1) Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. 2) Ignorance is the mother of fear, as well as admiration. 读书足以怡情、足以博采、足以长才。 无知是羡慕的根源，也是恐惧的根源。 翻译比喻性词语、成语、歇后语、双关语有时需要增添一些解释性词语，才能把意思完整明白地表达出来。 1) shed crocodile tears 2) It catered to large appetites and modest purses. 猫哭耗子—假慈悲 它迎合胃口大而钱囊羞涩的吃客。 1. Oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it. 海洋与其说是分隔了世界不如说是连接了整个世界。 2. Avoid using this computer in extreme cold, heat, dust or humidity. Time to Practice 不要在过冷、过热、灰尘过重、湿度过大的情况下使用此电脑。 3. I had experienced oxygen or/and engine trouble. 4. Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. Time