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Apoptosis Maintains Oocyte Quality in Aging Caenorhabditis elegans Females 英文参考文献
ApoptosisMaintainsOocyteQualityinAging
CaenorhabditiselegansFemales
SaraAndux,RonaldE.Ellis*
DepartmentofMolecularBiology,UMDNJSchoolofOsteopathicMedicine,Stratford,NewJersey,UnitedStatesofAmerica
Abstract
Inwomen,oocytesarrestdevelopmentattheendofprophaseofmeiosisIandremainquiescentforyears.Overtime,the
quality and quantity of these oocytes decreases, resulting in fewer pregnancies and an increased occurrence of birth
defects. We used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to study how oocyte quality is regulated during aging. To assay
quality, we determine the fraction of oocytes that produce viable eggs after fertilization. Our results show that oocyte
qualitydeclinesinagingnematodes,asinhumans.Thisdeclineaffectsoocytesarrestedinlateprophase,waitingforasignal
tomature,andalsooocytesthatdeveloplaterinlife.Furthermore,mutationsthatblockallcelldeathsresultinasevere,
earlydeclineinoocytequality,andthiseffectincreaseswithage.However,mutationsthatblockonlysomaticcelldeathsor
DNA-damage–induced deaths do not lower oocyte quality. Two lines of evidence imply that most developmentally
programmedgermcelldeathspromotetheproperallocationofresourcesamongoocytes,ratherthaneliminateoocytes
withdamagedchromosomes.First,oocytequalityisloweredbymutationsthatdonotpreventgermcelldeathsbutdo
blocktheengulfmentandrecyclingofcellcorpses.Second,thedecreaseinqualitycausedbyapoptosismutantsismirrored
byadecreaseinthesizeofmanymatureoocytes.Weconcludethatcompetitionforresourcesisaseriousprobleminaging
germlines,andthatapoptosishelpsalleviatethisproblem.
Citation: Andux S, Ellis RE (2008) Apoptosis Maintains Oocyte Quality in Aging Caenorhabditis elegans Females. PLoS Genet 4(12): e1000295. doi:10.1371/
journal.pgen.1000295
Editor:SusanE.Mango,HuntsmanCancerInstitute,UnitedStatesofAmerica
ReceivedJune23,2008;AcceptedNovember4,2008;PublishedDecember5,2008
Copyright: ? 2008 Andux, Ellis. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, whi
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