Carrageenans, Sulphated Polysaccharides of Red Seaweeds, Differentially Affect Arabidopsis thaliana Resistance to Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper) 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Carrageenans, Sulphated Polysaccharides of Red Seaweeds, Differentially Affect Arabidopsis thaliana Resistance to Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper) 英文参考文献.doc

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Carrageenans, Sulphated Polysaccharides of Red Seaweeds, Differentially Affect Arabidopsis thaliana Resistance to Trichoplusia ni (Cabbage Looper) 英文参考文献

Carrageenans,SulphatedPolysaccharidesofRed Seaweeds,DifferentiallyAffectArabidopsisthaliana ResistancetoTrichoplusiani(CabbageLooper) JatinderS.Sangha1,WajahatullahKhan2,XiuhongJi3,JunzengZhang3,AaronA.S.Mills1,AlanT. Critchley4,BalakrishnanPrithiviraj1* 1Department of Environmental Sciences, Nova Scotia Agricultural College, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada, 2Department of Biochemistry, Genome Research Chair Unit, CollegeofScience,KingSaudUniversity,Riyadh,SaudiArabia,3InstituteforNutrisciencesandHealth,NationalResearchCouncilofCanada,Charlottetown,PrinceEdward Island,Canada,4AcadianSeaplantsLimited,Dartmouth,NovaScotia,Canada Abstract Carrageenansareacollectivefamilyoflinear,sulphatedgalactansfoundinanumberofcommerciallyimportantspeciesof marineredalga.Thesepolysaccharidesareknowntoelicitdefenseresponsesinplantandanimalsandpossessanti-viral properties. We investigated the effect of foliar application of i-, k- and l-carrageenans (representing various levels of sulphation)onArabidopsisthalianainresistancetothegeneralistinsectTrichoplusiani(cabbagelooper)whichisknownto cause serious economic losses in crop plants. Plants treated with i- and k-carrageenan showed reduced leaf damage, whereasthosetreatedwithl-carrageenanweresimilartothatofthecontrol.Inano-choicetest,larvalweightwasreduced by more than 20% in i- and k- carrageenan treatments, but unaffected by l-carrageenan. In multiple choice tests, carrageenantreatedplantsattractedfewerT.nilarvaebythefourthdayfollowinginfestationascomparedtothecontrol. TheapplicationofcarrageenansdidnotaffectovipositionbehaviourofT.ni.GrowthofT.nifeedingonanartificialdiet amended with carrageenans was not different from that fed with untreated control diet. i-carrageenan induced the expression of defense genes; PR1, PDF1.2, and TI1, but k- and l-carrageenans did not. Besides PR1, PDF1.2, and TI1 , the indoleglucosinolatebiosynthesisgenesCYP79B2,CYP83B1andglucosinolatehydrolysingQTL,ESM1wereup-regulatedby i-carrageenantreatmentat48hpostinf