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Genetic Structure of Chimpanzee Populations 英文参考文献.doc

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Genetic Structure of Chimpanzee Populations 英文参考文献

GeneticStructureofChimpanzeePopulations Celine Becquet1,Nick Patterson2,Anne C.Stone3,Molly Przeworski1*,David Reich2,4* 1DepartmentofHumanGenetics,UniversityofChicago,Chicago,Illinois,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2BroadInstituteofHarvardandMIT,Cambridge,Massachusetts,United StatesofAmerica,3SchoolofHumanEvolutionandSocialChange,ArizonaStateUniversity,Tempe,Arizona,UnitedStatesofAmerica,4DepartmentofGenetics,Harvard MedicalSchool,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica Little is known about the history and population structure of our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees, in part becauseofanextremelypoorfossilrecord.Toaddressthis,wereportthelargestgeneticstudyofthechimpanzeesto date, examining 310 microsatellites in 84 common chimpanzees and bonobos. We infer three common chimpanzee populations,whichcorrespondtothepreviouslydefinedlabelsof‘‘western,’’‘‘central,’’and‘‘eastern,’’andfindlittle evidenceofgeneflowbetweenthem.Thereistentativeevidenceforstructurewithinwesternchimpanzees,butwedo notdetectdistinctadditionalpopulations.Thedataalsoprovidehistoricalinsights,demonstratingthatthewestern chimpanzeepopulationdivergedfirst,andthattheeasternandcentralpopulationsaremorecloselyrelatedintime. Citation: Becquet C, Patterson N, Stone A, Przeworski M, Reich D (2007) Genetic structure of chimpanzee populations. PLoS Genet 3(4): e66. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen. 0030066 showingdiscontinuityamongchimpanzeepopulations[6–10], potentiallyatoddswiththemodelproposedbyFischeretal. Introduction Standard taxonomies recognize two species of chimpan- zees: bonobos (Pan paniscus) and common chimpanzees (P. troglodytes), whose current ranges in Africa do not overlap. Commonchimpanzeeshavebeenclassi?edfurtherintothree populations or subspecies based on their separation by geographic barriers (generally rivers): western (P. troglodytes verus),central(P.t.troglodytes),andeastern(P.t.schweinfurthii) [1,2]. While there are no or only slight morphological or behavioral differences among the