Maternal Malaria and Gravidity Interact to Modify Infant Susceptibility to Malaria 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Maternal Malaria and Gravidity Interact to Modify Infant Susceptibility to Malaria 英文参考文献.doc

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Maternal Malaria and Gravidity Interact to Modify Infant Susceptibility to Malaria 英文参考文献

o Openaccess,freelyavailableonline PL S MEDICINE MaternalMalariaandGravidity InteracttoModifyInfantSusceptibility toMalaria Theonest K.Mutabingwa1,2,3,Melissa C.Bolla1,Jin-Long Li1,Gonzalo J.Domingo1,Xiaohong Li4,Michal Fried1, Patrick E.Duffy1,5* 1 MOMS Project, Malaria Antigen Discovery Program, Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, 2 Gates Malaria Partnership, LondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicine,London,UnitedKingdom,3NationalInstituteforMedicalResearch,MuhezaDesignatedDistrictHospital,Muheza-Tanga, Tanzania, 4Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research Prevention,Department of PublicHealth Sciences,Fred Hutchinson CancerResearchCenter, Seattle, Washington, UnitedStatesofAmerica,5DepartmentofImmunology,WalterReedArmyInstituteofResearch,SilverSpring,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica CompetingInterests:Theauthors havedeclaredthatnocompeting interestsexist. ABSTRACT Background AuthorContributions:Thestudy wasdesignedbyTKM,MF,andPED. Clinicalstudieswerecoordinatedby TKM,laboratorystudieswere coordinatedbyGJD,MF,andPED, anddatamanagementwas In endemic areas, placental malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum is most frequent and severe in first-time mothers, and increases the risk of infant mortality in their offspring. Placentalmalariamayincreasethesusceptibilityofinfantstomalariaparasitemia,butevidence forthiseffectisinconclusive. coordinatedbyJLL.Statistical analysiswasperformedbyMCB,JLL, andXL.MCBandPEDwrotethe reportwithassistancefromthe otherauthors. MethodsandFindings During2002–2004,wemonitoredparasitemiain453infants,including69whowerebornto mothers with placental malaria, in a region of northeastern Tanzania where malaria transmission is intense. We used a Cox proportional hazards model to evaluate the time frombirthtofirstparasitemia,andageneralizedestimatingequationslogisticregressionmodel to evaluate risk of any parasitemia throughout the first year of life. Compared with infants whose mothers did not ha