New Insight into the Colonization Processes of Common Voles Inferences from Molecular and Fossil Evidence 英文参考文献.docVIP

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New Insight into the Colonization Processes of Common Voles Inferences from Molecular and Fossil Evidence 英文参考文献.doc

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New Insight into the Colonization Processes of Common Voles Inferences from Molecular and Fossil Evidence 英文参考文献

NewInsightintotheColonizationProcessesofCommon Voles:InferencesfromMolecularandFossilEvidence ChristelleTougard1¤*,ElodieRenvoise′1,Ame′liePetitjean1,Jean-PierreQue′re′2 1UMRCNRS/uB5561Bioge′osciences-Dijon,Universite′deBourgogne,Dijon,France,2UMR1062,INRA,CentreBiologieetGestiondesPopulations,CampusInternational deBaillarguet,Montferrier/Lez,France Abstract ElucidatingthecolonizationprocessesassociatedwithQuaternaryclimaticcyclesisimportantinordertounderstandthe distribution of biodiversity and the evolutionary potential of temperate plant and animal species. In Europe, general evolutionary scenarios have been defined from genetic evidence. Recently, these scenarios have been challenged with geneticaswellasfossildata.Theoriginsofthemoderndistributionsofmosttemperateplantandanimalspeciescould predate the Last Glacial Maximum. The glacial survival of such populations may have occurred in either southern (Mediterraneanregions)and/ornorthern(Carpathians)refugia.Here,aphylogeographicanalysisofawidespreadEuropean smallmammal(Microtusarvalis)isconductedwithamultidisciplinaryapproach.Genetic,fossilandecologicaltraitsareused to assess the evolutionary history of this vole. Regardless of whether the European distribution of the five previously identifiedevolutionarylineagesiscorroborated,thiscombinedanalysisbringstolightseveralcolonizationprocessesofM. arvalis. The species’ dispersal was relatively gradual with glacial survival in small favourable habitats in Western Europe (from Germany to Spain) while in the rest of Europe, because of periglacial conditions, dispersal was less regular with bottleneckeventsfollowedbypostglacialexpansions.OurstudydemonstratesthattheevolutionaryhistoryofEuropean temperate small mammals is indeed much more complex than previously suggested. Species can experience heterogeneous evolutionary histories over their geographic range. Multidisciplinary approaches should therefore be preferentiallychoseninprospectivestudies,thebettertounderstandthei