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Nucleomorph genomes much ado about practically nothing 英文参考文献
/2001/2/8/reviews/1022.1
Minireview
Nucleomorph genomes: much ado about practically nothing
Paul R Gilson
Address: Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria 3125, Australia.
E-mail: prgilson@.au
Published: 30 July 2001
GenomeBiology 2001, 2(8):reviews1022.1–1022.5
The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be
found online at /2001/2/8/reviews/1022
? BioMed Central Ltd (Print ISSN 1465-6906; Online ISSN 1465-6914)
Abstract
The DNA sequence of one of the smallest eukaryotic genomes has recently been finished - that of the
reduced nucleus, or nucleomorph, of an algal endosymbiont that resides within a cryptomonad host
cell. Its sequence promises insights into chloroplast acquisition, the constraints on genome size and the
basic workings of eukaryotic cells.
It may surprise many that the sixth eukaryotic genome to be
sequenced comes not from some familiar model organism
but from a nucleus whose DNA content is less than that of
most bacteria [1]. This nucleus comes from Guillardia theta,
a member of a group of biflagellate protists called cryp-
tomonads (5igure 1). The tiny nucleus, called a nucleo-
morph, is not the main cellular nucleus but is the residual
nucleus of a red algal endosymbiont that resides inside the
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of its host cell (5igure 1) [2].
Another group of protists, called chlorarachniophytes, also
have nucleomorphs, and these are the remnant nuclei of
green algal endosymbionts (5igure 1) [3,4]. Both protist
groups are believed to have acquired their endosymbionts
about 600 million years ago [5] when, instead of digesting
their algal-prey meals as they would normally do, the host
cells retained the algae, to feed the heterotrophic host cell
with carbohydrates made by the algal chloroplast. Over time
the algae and hosts became interdependent
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