Off the Beaten Path An Interview with Spencer Wells 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Off the Beaten Path An Interview with Spencer Wells 英文参考文献.doc

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Off the Beaten Path An Interview with Spencer Wells 英文参考文献

Interview OfftheBeatenPath:AnInterviewwith SpencerWells Jane Gitschier S pencerWellshasthisgeneticist’s dreamjob.Hetransitstheglobe, collectingDNAsamples, SpencerWells:Well,itwaskindof roundabout.IhaddonemyPhDat Harvard,andlikemanygeneticistsin thelate’80sandearly’90s,Iwas workingonamodelorganism,andin thiscase,becausemyadvisorwas [Richard]Lewontin,itwasDrosophila. Ididbasicmolecularevolutionstuff, tryingtodetectselectioninprotein codingregionsforanenzymethatwas importantfor?ight.Ilookedat variationacrossspeciesandwithin speciesanddiddetailedstatistical analysis.Ifoundnoevidenceof selection,butlotsofevidenceof populationstructure.Andattheendof thedayIwasn’tterriblyinterestedin thepopulationstructureoffruit?ies, butIhadalwaysbeeninterestedin humanhistory. SoIwantedtoapplythosemethods tohumans,andthetechnologyin geneticswasgettingtothepointwhere youcouldstarttostudyhuman populationgenetics,becausebackin the’80sithadbeenquitedif?cult.The humangenomewassobigandyouhad tocloneeverything.WithPCRitgota loteasier. buildingcollaborations,and orchestratingwhatmaybethemost extensiveandfascinatingprojecton humanoriginsyet,sponsoredbyoneof themostrespectedinstitutionsinthe US—TheNationalGeographicSociety. There,Wellsholdstheoxymoronically namedpostof‘‘Explorer-in- Residence’’andrunstheGenographic Project(/ genographic),whosemissionisto collectandgenotypetheYand mitochondrialchromosomesfrom peopletheworldoverinordertotrack maleandfemalelineages,respectively, andtherebyinfermigratorypatterns throughouthumanhistory. Iwascurioustolearnhowsomeone soyoung(hestartedworkingwith NationalGeographicwhenhewasonly 33)couldplungeintoaprojectofthis magnitude.TheansweristhatWellsisa manofmanyfacets,vision,andenergy. Andhehasaknackforcreatingthe opportunity. Happily,Ihadlessdif?cultypinning himdownthanIhadanticipated.He suggestedgettingtogetheratthe AmericanSocietyofHumanGenetics meetinginNewOrleans,wherehewas scheduledtogiveatalk.Weheldour interviewattheopen-airCafe′ du MondeintheoldFrenchQu