Oil for health in sub-Saharan Africa health systems in a resource curse environment 英文参考文献.docVIP

Globalization and Health BioMedCentral Research Open Access Oil for health in sub-Saharan Africa: health systems in a resource curse environment Philippe Calain Address: 21 Pont Castelain, 6500 Beaumont, Belgium Email: Philippe Calain - philippe_calain@ Published: 21 October 2008 Received: 26 March 2008 Accepted: 21 October 2008 Globalization and Health 2008, 4:10 doi:10.1186/1744-8603-4-10 This article is available from: /content/4/1/10 ? 2008 Calain; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: In a restricted sense, the resource curse is a theory that explains the inverse relationship classically seen between dependence on natural resources and economic growth. It defines a peculiar economic and political environment, epitomised by oil extraction in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Based on secondary research and illustrations from four oil-rich geographical areas (the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, Angola, southern Chad, Southern Sudan), I propose a framework for analysing the effects of the resource curse on the structure of health systems at sub-national levels. Qualitative attributes are emphasised. The role of the corporate sector, the influence of conflicts, and the value of classical mitigation measures (such as health impact assessments) are further examined. Results: Health systems in a resource curse environment are classically fractured into tripartite components, including governmental health agencies, non-profit non-governmental organisations, and the corporate extractive sector. The three components entertain a range of contractual relationships generally based on operational considerations which are withdrawn from social or community valu