Olfactory Enrichment Influences Adult Neurogenesis Modulating GAD67 and Plasticity-Related Molecules Expression in Newborn Cells of the Olfactory Bulb 英文参考文献.docVIP

OlfactoryEnrichmentInfluencesAdultNeurogenesis ModulatingGAD67andPlasticity-RelatedMolecules ExpressioninNewbornCellsoftheOlfactoryBulb SerenaBovetti.,AlexandraVeyrac.¤,PaoloPeretto,AldoFasolo,SilviaDeMarchis* DepartmentofAnimalHumanBiology,UniversityofTorino,Torino,Italy Abstract Theolfactorybulb(OB)isahighlyplasticregionoftheadultmammalianbraincharacterizedbycontinuousintegrationof inhibitory interneurons of the granule (GC) and periglomerular cell (PGC) types. Adult-generated OB interneurons are selected to survive in an experience-dependent way but the mechanisms that mediate the effects of experience on OB neurogenesisareunknown.Herewefocusonthenew-generatedPGCpopulationwhichiscomposedbymultiplesubtypes. Using paradigms of olfactory enrichment and/or deprivation combined to BrdU injections and quantitative confocal immunohistochemicalanalyses,westudiedtheeffectsofolfactoryexperienceonadult-generatedPGCsatdifferentsurvival time and compared PGC to GC modulation. We show that olfactory enrichment similarly influences PGCs and GCs, increasing survival of newborn cells and transiently modulating GAD67 and plasticity-related molecules expression. However, PGC maturation appears to be delayed compared to GCs, reflecting a different temporal dynamic of adult generatedolfactoryinterneuronintegration.Moreover,olfactoryenrichmentordeprivationdonotselectivelymodulatethe survivalofspecificPGCphenotypes,supportingtheideathattheintegrationrateofdistinctPGCsubtypesisindependent fromolfactoryexperience. Citation:BovettiS,VeyracA,PerettoP,FasoloA,DeMarchisS(2009)OlfactoryEnrichmentInfluencesAdultNeurogenesisModulatingGAD67andPlasticity- RelatedMoleculesExpressioninNewbornCellsoftheOlfactoryBulb.PLoSONE4(7):e6359.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006359 Editor:AlainChe′dotal,InstitutdelaVision,France ReceivedSeptember24,2008;AcceptedJune25,2009;PublishedJuly23,2009 Copyright: ? 2009 Bovetti et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attri