Omega-3 Index and Sudden Cardiac Death 英文参考文献.docVIP

Nutrients 2010, 2, 375-388; doi:10.3390/nu2030375 OPEN ACCESS nutrients ISSN 2072-6643 /journal/nutrients Review Omega-3 Index and Sudden Cardiac Death Clemens von Schacky 1,2 1 Preventive Cardiology, Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik Innenstadt, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, 80336 Munich, Germany; E-Mail: Clemens.vonschacky@med.uni-muenchen.de 2 Omegametrix, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; E-Mail: c.vonschacky@omegametrix.eu Received: 1 March 2010; in revised form: 9 March 2010 / Accepted: 10 March 2010 / Published: 23 March 2010 Abstract: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an unresolved health issue, and responsible for 15% of all deaths in Western countries. Epidemiologic evidence, as well as evidence from clinical trials, indicates that increasing intake and high levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) protect from SCD and other major adverse cardiac events. Levels of EPA+DHA are best assessed by the Omega-3 Index, representing the red cell fatty acid content of EPA+DHA. Work is in progress that will further define the value of the Omega-3 Index as a risk factor for SCD, other cardiac events, and as target for treatment with EPA+DHA. Keywords: sudden cardiac death; omega-3 Index; omega-3 fatty acids; eicosapentaenoic acid; docosahexaenoic acid; myocardial infarction 1. Introduction Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is defined as a natural death occurring within one hour from onset of symptoms [1]. In the majority of cases, an acute cardiac event, like a myocardial infarction, precipitates ventricular tachycardia, which then degenerates into ventricular fibrillation with circulatory arrest. A 24 hour definition of SCD, previously frequently used, increases the fraction of all natural deaths falling into the “sudden” category, but reduces the proportion of all sudden natural deaths that are due to cardiac cause