Orientation Sensitivity at Different Stages of Object Processing Evidence from Repetition Priming and Naming 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Orientation Sensitivity at Different Stages of Object Processing Evidence from Repetition Priming and Naming 英文参考文献.doc

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Orientation Sensitivity at Different Stages of Object Processing Evidence from Repetition Priming and Naming 英文参考文献

OrientationSensitivityatDifferentStagesofObject Processing:EvidencefromRepetitionPrimingand Naming IrinaM.Harris1*,PaulE.Dux2,ClaireT.Benito1,E.CharlesLeek3 1School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 2Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, 3SchoolofPsychology,UniversityofWales,Bangor,UnitedKingdom Abstract Background:Anongoingdebateintheobjectrecognitionliteraturecentersonwhethertheshaperepresentationsusedin recognitionarecodedin anorientation-dependent or orientation-invariant manner.Inthis study, weaskedwhether the natureoftheobjectrepresentation(orientation-dependentvsorientation-invariant)dependsontheinformation-processing stagestappedbythetask. Methodology/Findings:Weemployedarepetitionprimingparadigminwhichbrieflypresentedmaskedobjects(primes) werefollowedbyanuprighttargetobjectwhichhadtobenamedasrapidlyaspossible.Theprimeswerepresentedfor variable durations (ranging from 16 to 350ms) and in various image-plane orientations (from 0u to 180u, in 30u steps). Significantprimingwasobtainedforprimedurationsabove70ms,butnotforprimedurationsof16msand47ms,anddid not vary as a function of prime orientation. In contrast, naming the same objects that served as primes resulted in orientation-dependentreactiontimecosts. Conclusions/Significance: These results suggest that initial processing of object identity is mediated by orientation- independentinformationandthatorientationcostsinperformancearisewhenobjectsareconsolidatedinvisualshort-term memoryinordertobereported. Citation: HarrisIM,DuxPE,BenitoCT,Leek EC(2008)OrientationSensitivityatDifferent StagesofObjectProcessing: EvidencefromRepetition Primingand Naming.PLoSONE3(5):e2256.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002256 Editor:MichaelH.Herzog,EcolePolytechniqueFederaledeLausanne,Switzerland ReceivedMarch18,2008;AcceptedApril11,2008;PublishedMay28,2008 Copyright: ? 2008 Harris et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the term