Postprandial Energy Metabolism in the Regulation of Body Weight Is there a Mechanistic Role for Dietary Calcium 英文参考文献.docVIP

Nutrients 2010, 2, 586-598; doi:10.3390/nu2060586 OPEN ACCESS nutrients ISSN 2072-6643 /journal/nutrients Review Postprandial Energy Metabolism in the Regulation of Body Weight: Is there a Mechanistic Role for Dietary Calcium? Mario J. Soares 1,* and Wendy L. Chan She-Ping-Delfos 2 1 Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Program of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia 2 Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia; E-Mail: w.chanshepingdelfos@.au * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: E-Mail: m.soares@.au. Received: 16 April 2010; in revised form: 26 May 2010 / Accepted: 27 May 2010 / Published: 28 May 2010 Abstract: There has been much interest in the mechanisms by which calcium may attenuate weight gain or accelerate body fat loss. This review focuses on postprandial energy metabolism and indicates that dietary calcium increases whole body fat oxidation after single and multiple meals. There is, as yet, no conclusive evidence for a greater diet induced thermogenesis, an increased lipolysis or suppression of key lipogenic enzyme systems. There is however convincing evidence that higher calcium intakes promote a modest energy loss through increased fecal fat excretion. Overall, there is a role for dietary calcium in human energy metabolism. Future studies need to define threshold intakes for metabolic and gastrointestinal outcomes. Keywords: postprandial; calcium; thermogenesis; obesity; fat oxidation; fecal fat; lipolysis 1. Introduction Body weight and body energy content remains quite stable in most adults for long periods of time; despite daily fluctuations in energy intake and energy expenditure. This requires the presence of regulatory processes able to match fuel supply to energy requirements. The mainte