Public health impacts of secondary particulate formation from aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline 英文参考文献.docVIP
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Public health impacts of secondary particulate formation from aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline 英文参考文献
vonStackelbergetal.EnvironmentalHealth2013,12:19
/content/12/1/19
RESEARCH
OpenAccess
Publichealthimpactsofsecondaryparticulate
formationfromaromatichydrocarbonsin
gasoline
KatherinevonStackelberg1*?,JonathanBuonocore1?,PrakashVBhave2andJoelASchwartz1
Abstract
Background:Aromatichydrocarbonsemittedfromgasoline-poweredvehiclescontributetotheformationof
secondaryorganicaerosol(SOA),whichincreasestheatmosphericmassconcentrationoffineparticles(PM2.5 ).Here
weestimatethepublichealthburdenassociatedwithexposurestothesubsetofPM2.5thatoriginatesfromvehicle
emissionsofaromaticsunderbusinessasusualconditions.
Methods:ThePM2.5contributionfromgasolinearomaticsisestimatedusingtheCommunityMultiscaleAirQuality
(CMAQ)modelingsystemandtheresultsarecomparedtoambientmeasurementsfromtheliterature.Marginal
PM2.5annualizedconcentrationchangesareusedtocalculateprematuremortalitiesusingconcentration-response
functions,withavalueofmortalityreductionapproachusedtomonetizethesocialcostofmortalityimpacts.
Morbidityimpactsarequalitativelydiscussed.
Results:ModeledaromaticSOAconcentrationsfromCMAQfallshortofambientmeasurementsbyapproximately
afactoroftwonationwide,withstrongregionaldifferences.Afteraccountingforthismodelbias,theestimated
publichealthimpactsfromexposuretoPM2.5originatingfromaromatichydrocarbonsingasolineleadtoacentral
estimateofapproximately3800predictedprematuremortalitiesnationwide,withestimatesrangingfrom1800to
over4700dependingonthespecificconcentration-responsefunctionused.Theseimpactsareassociatedwithtotal
socialcostsof$28.2B,andrangefrom$13.6Bto$34.9Bin2006$.
Conclusions:Thesepreliminaryquantitativeestimatesindicateparticulatesfromvehicularemissionsofaromatic
hydrocarbonsdemonstrateanontrivialpublichealthburden.Theresultsprovideabaselinefromwhichtoevaluate
potentialpublichealthimpactsofchangesingasolinecomposition.
Keywords:Aromatichydrocarbons,Secondaryorganicaerosol(SOA),Secondaryparticulate,Socialcost,Gasoline
Background adverse health e
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