Purging Deleterious Mutations under Self Fertilization Paradoxical Recovery in Fitness with Increasing Mutation Rate in Caenorhabditis elegans 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Purging Deleterious Mutations under Self Fertilization Paradoxical Recovery in Fitness with Increasing Mutation Rate in Caenorhabditis elegans 英文参考文献.doc

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Purging Deleterious Mutations under Self Fertilization Paradoxical Recovery in Fitness with Increasing Mutation Rate in Caenorhabditis elegans 英文参考文献

PurgingDeleteriousMutationsunderSelfFertilization: ParadoxicalRecoveryinFitnesswithIncreasingMutation RateinCaenorhabditiselegans LeviT.Morran¤,AkiH.Ohdera,PatrickC.Phillips* CenterforEcologyandEvolutionaryBiology,UniversityofOregon,Eugene,Oregon,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:Theaccumulationofdeleteriousmutationscandrasticallyreducepopulationmeanfitness.Self-fertilizationis thoughttobeaneffectivemeansofpurgingdeleteriousmutations.However,widespreadlinkagedisequilibriumgenerated andmaintainedbyself-fertilizationispredictedtoreducetheefficacyofpurgingwhenmutationsarepresentatmultiple loci. Methodology/Principal Findings: We tested the ability of self-fertilizing populations to purge deleterious mutations at multiplelocibyexposingobligatelyself-fertilizingpopulationsofCaenorhabditiseleganstoarangeofelevatedmutation ratesandfoundthatmutationsaccumulated,asevidencedbyareductioninmeanfitness,ineachpopulation.Therefore, purginginobligateselfingpopulationsisoverwhelmedbyanincreaseinmutationrate.Surprisingly,wealsofoundthat obligateandpredominantlyself-fertilizingpopulationsexposedtoveryhighmutationratesexhibitedconsistentlygreater fitnessthanthosesubjecttolesserincreasesinmutationrate,whichcontradictstheassumptionthatincreasesinmutation ratearenegativelycorrelated withfitness.Thehighlevelsofgeneticlinkageinherentin self-fertilizationcould drivethis fitnessincrease. Conclusions:Compensatorymutationscanbemorefrequentunderhighmutationratesandmayalleviateaportionofthe fitnesslostduetotheaccumulationofdeleteriousmutationsthroughepistaticinteractionswithdeleteriousmutations.The prolonged maintenance of tightly linked compensatory and deleterious mutations facilitated by self-fertilization may be responsible for the fitness increase as linkage disequilibrium between the compensatory and deleterious mutations preservestheirepistaticinteraction. Citation: Morran LT, Ohdera AH, Phillips PC (2010) Purging Deleterious Mutations under Self Fertilization: Paradoxical Re