Recognizing Sequences of Sequences 英文参考文献.docVIP

RecognizingSequencesofSequences StefanJ.Kiebel1,2*,KatharinavonKriegstein1,2,JeanDaunizeau1,KarlJ.Friston1 1WellcomeTrustCentreforNeuroimaging,London,UnitedKingdom,2MaxPlanckInstituteforHumanCognitiveandBrainSciences,Leipzig,Germany Abstract Thebrain’sdecodingoffastsensorystreamsiscurrentlyimpossibletoemulate,evenapproximately,withartificialagents. For example, robust speech recognition is relatively easy for humans but exceptionally difficult for artificial speech recognitionsystems.Inthispaper,weproposethatrecognitioncanbesimplifiedwithaninternalmodelofhowsensory input is generated, when formulated in a Bayesian framework. We show that a plausible candidate for an internal or generative model is a hierarchy of ‘stable heteroclinic channels’. This model describes continuous dynamics in the environment as a hierarchy of sequences, where slower sequences cause faster sequences. Under this model, online recognitioncorrespondstothedynamicdecodingofcausalsequences,givingarepresentationoftheenvironmentwith predictive power on several timescales. We illustrate the ensuing decoding or recognition scheme using synthetic sequences of syllables, where syllables are sequences of phonemes and phonemes are sequences of sound-wave modulations. By presenting anomalous stimuli, we find that the resulting recognition dynamics disclose inference at multipletimescalesandarereminiscentofneuronaldynamicsseenintherealbrain. Citation: Kiebel SJ, von Kriegstein K, Daunizeau J, Friston KJ (2009) Recognizing Sequences of Sequences. PLoS Comput Biol 5(8): e1000464. doi:10.1371/ journal.pcbi.1000464 Editor:RolfKo¨tter,RadboudUniversityNijmegenMedicalCentre,Netherlands ReceivedFebruary18,2009;AcceptedJuly10,2009;PublishedAugust14,2009 Copyright: ? 2009 Kiebel et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:S