Repeated Exposure to Severely Limited Sleep Results in Distinctive and Persistent Physiological Imbalances in Rats 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Repeated Exposure to Severely Limited Sleep Results in Distinctive and Persistent Physiological Imbalances in Rats 英文参考文献.doc

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Repeated Exposure to Severely Limited Sleep Results in Distinctive and Persistent Physiological Imbalances in Rats 英文参考文献

RepeatedExposuretoSeverelyLimitedSleepResultsin DistinctiveandPersistentPhysiologicalImbalancesin Rats CarolA.Everson1*,AnikoSzabo2 1DepartmentofNeurology,TheMedicalCollegeofWisconsin,Milwaukee,Wisconsin,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofPopulationHealth,TheMedicalCollege ofWisconsin,Milwaukee,Wisconsin,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Chronic sleep disruption in laboratory rats leads to increased energy expenditure, connective tissue abnormalities, and increasedweightsofmajororgansrelativetobodyweight.Herewereportonexpandedfindingsandtheextenttowhich abnormalities become long-lasting, potentially permanent changes to health status after apparent recuperation from chronic sleep disruption. Rats were exposed 6 times to long periods of disrupted sleep or control conditions during 10 weekstoproduceadaptationsandthenwerepermittednearly4monthsofundisturbedsleep.Measurementsweremadein tissuesfromthesegroupsandinpreservedtissuefromtheexperimentalandcontrolgroupsofanantecedentstudythat lacked a lengthy recuperation period. Cycles of sleep restriction resulted in energy deficiency marked by a progressive course of hyperphagia and major (15%) weight loss. Analyses of tissue composition in chronically sleep-restricted rats indicated that protein and lipid amounts in internal organs were largely spared, while adipose tissue depots appeared depleted.Thissuggestshighmetabolicdemandsmayhavepreservedthesizeofthevitalorgansrelativetoexpectationsof severe energy deficiency alone. Low plasma corticosterone and leptin concentrations appear to reflect low substrate availabilityanddiminishedadiposity.Afternearly4monthsofrecuperation,sleep-restrictedratswereconsuming20%more food and 35% more water than did comparison control rats, despite normalized weight, normalized adipocytes, and elevated plasma leptin concentrations. Plasma cholesterol levels in recuperated sleep-restricted rats were diminished relativetothoseofcontrols.Thechronicallyincreasedintakeofnutrimentsandwater,alongwithalte