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Respiratory syncytial virus infection from biology to therapy A Perspective 英文参考文献
REVIEWARTICLE
RespiratorySyncytialVirusInfection:
FromBiologytoTherapy
APerspective
ShyamS.Mohapatra,PhD,*TandRichardF.Lockey,MD*
However, an analysis of a comprehensive study done
Abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is responsible for
signi?cant morbidity and mortality, particularly in infants younger
than 18 months and in the elderly. To date, there are feweffective
treatment options available to prevent or treat RSV infections.
Attractive therapeutic strategies include targeting host epithelial
adhesionmoleculesrequiredforRSVinfection,enhancinglocalized
cell-mediatedimmunity,interferingwithRSVviralgeneexpression
and developing a multigene DNA vaccine. The most recent data
supportingtheadvantagesandlimitationsofeachoftheseapproaches
are discussed in detail. Several promising strategies offer hope for
safeandeffectiveprophylaxisandtreatmentofRSVinfection.
between1979and1997about RSV-associateddeaths inUS
childrensuggeststhatmostRSV-relateddeathsdonotoccur
amongchildrenwhoarepresumedtobeathighriskforsevere
3
RSV lower respiratory tract illnesses. The leading cause in
4
infanthospitalizationisRSVbronchiolitis, whichimposesa
severe burden upon health services. Costs related to
emergencydepartmentvisitsbetween1997and2000amount
4
toapproximately202millionUSdollars. Completeimmunity
to RSV never develops, and reinfection throughout life is
common.AlthoughthemajorclinicalmanifestationofRSVin
older children and adults is upper respiratory tract illness
(rhinitisandacuteotitismedia),itmayalsocauseupto2.4%
of community-acquired pneumonia in these population
5
groups. In older adults, RSV was identi?ed as responsible
for10%ofwinterhospitaladmissionsandhasacase-fatality
ratethatapproaches10%.Inaddition,78%ofRSV-associated
KeyWords:respiratorysyncytialvirusinfection,allergicdisease,
chitosan,nanoparticles
(WAOJournal2008;1:21Y28)
deathsoccurinindividualsaged65yearsorolderwhohave
underlying cardiac and pulmonary pathology.6 In particular,
RSVinfectioninadultswit
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