Reducing False Negative Reads in RFID Data Streams Using an Adaptive Sliding-Window Approach 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2012, 12, 4187-4212; doi:10.3390/s120404187 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article Reducing False Negative Reads in RFID Data Streams Using an Adaptive Sliding-Window Approach Libe Valentine Massawe 1,*, Johnson D. M. Kinyua 2 and Herman Vermaak 1 1 School of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; E-Mail: hvermaak@cut.ac.za 2 School of Computer and Information Systems, Virginia International University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; E-Mail: johnson.kinyua@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: liebetz@yahoo.co.uk; Tel.: +27-51-507-3090; Fax: +27-51-507-3254. Received: 18 February 2012; in revised form: 16 March 2012 / Accepted: 21 March 2012 / Published: 28 March 2012 Abstract: Unreliability of the data streams generated by RFID readers is among the primary factors which limit the widespread adoption of the RFID technology. RFID data cleaning is, therefore, an essential task in the RFID middleware systems in order to reduce reading errors, and to allow these data streams to be used to make a correct interpretation and analysis of the physical world they are representing. In this paper we propose an adaptive sliding-window based approach called WSTD which is capable of efficiently coping with both environmental variation and tag dynamics. Our experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. Keywords: data filtering; data cleaning; RFID; RFID middleware; sliding-window filter 1. Introduction Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a technology that allows an object, a place or a person to be automatically identified with neither physical nor visual contact. Although RFID technology is not new [1], the current upsurge interest in this technology stems from the development of low-cost passive RFID tags and vigorous RFID standardisation