Seasonality in depressive and anxiety symptoms among primary care patients and in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders; results from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Seasonality in depressive and anxiety symptoms among primary care patients and in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders; results from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety 英文参考文献.doc

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Seasonality in depressive and anxiety symptoms among primary care patients and in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders; results from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety 英文参考文献

Winthorstetal.BMCPsychiatry2011,11:198 /1471-244X/11/198 RESEARCH ARTICLE OpenAccess Seasonalityindepressiveandanxietysymptoms amongprimarycarepatientsandinpatientswith depressiveandanxietydisorders;resultsfromthe NetherlandsStudyofDepressionandAnxiety WimHWinthorst1*,WendyJPost2,3,YbeMeesters1,BrendaWHJPenninx1,4,5 andWillemANolen1 Abstract Background:Littleisknownaboutseasonalityofspecificdepressivesymptomsandanxietysymptomsindifferent patientpopulations.Thisstudyaimstoassessseasonalvariationofdepressiveandanxietysymptomsinaprimary carepopulationandacrossparticipantswhowereclassifiedindiagnosticgroups1)healthycontrols2)patients withamajordepressivedisorder,3)patientswithanyanxietydisorderand4)patientswithamajordepressionand anyanxietydisorder. Methods:DatawereusedfromtheNetherlandsStudyofDepressionandAnxiety(NESDA).First,in5549patients fromtheNESDAprimarycarerecruitmentpopulationtheKessler-10screeningquestionnairewasusedanddata wereanalyzedacrossseasoninamultilevellinearmodel.Second,in1090subjectsclassifiedintofourgroups accordingtopsychiatricstatusaccordingtotheCompositeInternationalDiagnosticInterview,overalldepressive symptomsandatypicalversusmelancholicfeatureswereassessedwiththeInventoryofDepressiveSymptoms. AnxietyandfearwereassessedwiththeBeckAnxietyInventoryandtheFearquestionnaire.Symptomlevelsacross seasonwereanalyzedinalinearregressionmodel. Results:Intheprimarycarepopulationtheseverityofdepressiveandanxietysymptomsdidnotshowaseasonal pattern.Inthediagnosticgroupshealthycontrolsandpatientswithanyanxietydisorder,butnotpatientswitha majordepressivedisorder,showedasmallriseindepressivesymptomsinwinter.Atypicalandmelancholic symptomswerebothelevatedinwinter.Noseasonalpatternforanxietysymptomswasfound.Therewasasmall genderrelatedseasonaleffectforfearsymptoms. Conclusions:Seasonaldifferencesinseverityortypeofdepressiveandanxietysymptoms,asmeasuredwitha generalscreeninginstrumentandsymptomquestionnaires,wereabsentorsmallineffectsizeinaprimarycare popula