Seasonality of Influenza A(H3N2) Virus A Hong Kong Perspective (1997–2006) 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Seasonality of Influenza A(H3N2) Virus A Hong Kong Perspective (1997–2006) 英文参考文献.doc

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Seasonality of Influenza A(H3N2) Virus A Hong Kong Perspective (1997–2006) 英文参考文献

SeasonalityofInfluenzaA(H3N2)Virus:AHongKong Perspective(1997–2006) JulianW.Tang1*,KarryL.K.Ngai1,WaiY.Lam1,PaulK.S.Chan1,2 1DepartmentofMicrobiology,TheChineseUniversityofHongKong,PrinceofWalesHospital,Shatin,NewTerritories,HongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegion,China, 2Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special AdministrativeRegion,China Abstract Background:TheunderlyingbasisfortheseasonalityofinfluenzaAvirusesisstilluncertain.Phylogeneticstudiesinvestigated thisphenomenonbuthavelackedsequencesfrommoresubtropicalandtropicalregions,particularlyfromSoutheastAsia. Methodology/Principal Findings: 281 complete hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) sequences were obtained from influenza A(H3N2) viruses, collected over 10 years (1997–2006) from Hong Kong. These dated sequences were analyzed with influenza A(H3N2) vaccine strain sequences (Syd/5/97, Mos/10/99, Fuj/411/02, Cal/7/04) and 315 other publiclyavailabledatedsequencesfromelsewhere,worldwide.Inaddition,theNAsequencealignmentwasinspectedfor thepresenceofanynaturallyoccurring,known,neuraminidaseinhibitor(NAI)resistance-associatedaminoacidmutations (R292K and E119V). Before 2001, the Hong Kong HA and NA sequences clustered more closely with the older vaccine sequences (Syd/5/97, Mos/10/99) than did sequences from elsewhere. After 2001, this trend reversed with significant clusters containing HA and NA sequences from different locations, isolated at different times, suggesting that viral migration may account for much of the influenza A(H3N2) seasonality during this 10-year period. However, at least one example from Hong Kong was found suggesting that in some years, influenza A(H3N2) viruses may persist in the same location,perhapscontinuingtocirculate,sub-clinically,atlowlevelsbetweenseasons,tore-emergeintheinfluenzaseason thefollowingyear,relativelyunchanged.NoneoftheseHongKonginfluenzaA(H3N2)NAseque