Self-Love or Other-Love Explicit Other-Preference but Implicit Self-Preference 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Self-Love or Other-Love Explicit Other-Preference but Implicit Self-Preference 英文参考文献.doc

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Self-Love or Other-Love Explicit Other-Preference but Implicit Self-Preference 英文参考文献

Self-LoveorOther-Love?ExplicitOther-Preferencebut ImplicitSelf-Preference JochenE.Gebauer1*,AnjaS.Go¨ritz2,WilhelmHofmann3,ConstantineSedikides4 1Humboldt-Universita¨t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2Universita¨t Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 3University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, 4UniversityofSouthampton,Southampton,UnitedKingdom Abstract Do humans prefer the self even over their favorite other person? This question has pervaded philosophy and social- behavioralsciences.Psychology’sdistinctionbetweenexplicitandimplicitpreferencescallsforatwo-tieredsolution.Our evolutionarily-basedDissociativeSelf-PreferenceModelofferstwohypotheses.Other-preferencesprevailatanexplicitlevel, because they convey caring for others, which strengthens interpersonal bonds–a major evolutionary advantage. Self- preferences,however,prevailatanimplicitlevel,becausetheyfacilitateself-servingautomaticbehavior,whichfavorsthe self in life-or-die situations–also a major evolutionary advantage. We examined the data of 1,519 participants, who completedanexplicitmeasureandoneoffiveimplicitmeasuresofpreferencesforselfversusfavoriteother.Theresults wereconsistentwiththeDissociativeSelf-PreferenceModel.Explicitly,participantspreferredtheirfavoriteotheroverthe self.Implicitly,however,theypreferredtheselfovertheirfavoriteother(beittheirchild,romanticpartner,orbestfriend). Resultsarediscussedinrelationtoevolutionarytheorizingonself-deception. Citation:GebauerJE,Go¨ritzAS,HofmannW,SedikidesC(2012)Self-LoveorOther-Love?ExplicitOther-PreferencebutImplicitSelf-Preference.PLoSONE7(7): e41789.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041789 Editor:MichelBotbol,UniversityofWesternBrittany,France ReceivedMarch31,2012;AcceptedJune29,2012;PublishedJuly25,2012 Copyright: ? 2012 Gebauer et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredi