Sequence analysis of two alleles reveals that intra-and intergenic recombination played a role in the evolution of the radish fertility restorer (Rfo) 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Sequence analysis of two alleles reveals that intra-and intergenic recombination played a role in the evolution of the radish fertility restorer (Rfo) 英文参考文献.doc

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Sequence analysis of two alleles reveals that intra-and intergenic recombination played a role in the evolution of the radish fertility restorer (Rfo) 英文参考文献

HernandezMoraetal.BMCPlantBiology2010,10:35 /1471-2229/10/35 RESEARCH ARTICLE OpenAccess Sequenceanalysisoftwoallelesrevealsthat intra-andintergenicrecombinationplayed aroleintheevolutionoftheradishfertility restorer(Rfo) JoséRHernandezMora1,EricRivals2,HakimMireau1,Fran?oiseBudar1* Abstract Background:Landplantgenomescontainmultiplemembersofaeukaryote-specificgenefamilyencoding proteinswithpentatricopeptiderepeat(PPR)motifs.SomePPRproteinswereshowntoparticipateinpost- transcriptionaleventsinvolvedinorganellargeneexpression,andthistypeoffunctionisnowthoughttobetheir mainbiologicalrole.AmongPPRgenes,restorersoffertility(Rf)ofcytoplasmicmalesterilitysystemsconstitutea peculiarsubgroupthatisthoughttoevolveinresponsetothepresenceofmitochondrialsterility-inducinggenes. RfgenesencodingPPRproteinsareassociatedwithverycloserelativesoncomplexloci. Results:Wesequencedanon-restoringallele(L7rfo)oftheRforadishlocuswhoserestoringallele(D81Rfo)was previouslydescribed,andcomparedthetwoallelesandtheirPPRgenes.Weidentifiedaca13kblongfragment, likelyoriginatingfromanotherpartoftheradishgenome,insertedintotheL7rfosequence.TheL7rfoallelecarries twogenes(PPR-1andPPR-2)closelyrelatedtothethreepreviouslydescribedPPRgenesoftherestorerD81Rfo allele(PPR-A,PPR-B,andPPR-C).OurresultsindicatethatallelesoftheRfolocushaveexperiencedcomplex evolutionaryevents,includingrecombinationandinsertionofextra-locussequences,sincetheydiverged.Our analysesstronglysuggestthatpresentcodingsequencesofRfoPPRgenesresultfromintragenicrecombination. Wefoundthatthe10C-terminalPPRrepeatsinRfoPPRgeneencodedproteinsresultfromthetandem duplicationofa5PPRrepeatblock. Conclusions:TheRfolocusappearstoexperiencemorecomplexevolutionthanitsflankingsequences.TheRfo locusandPPRgenesthereinarelikelytoevolveasaresultofintergenicandintragenicrecombination.Itis thereforenotpossibletodeterminewhichgenesonthetwoallelesaredirectorthologs.Ourobservationsrecall somepreviouslyreporteddataonpathogenresistancecomplexloci. Background and