Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli identification of non-O157H7-Super-Shedding cows and related risk factors 英文参考文献.docVIP

Menrathetal.GutPathogens2010,2:7 /content/2/1/7 RESEARCH OpenAccess ShigatoxinproducingEscherichiacoli: identificationofnon-O157:H7-Super-Shedding cowsandrelatedriskfactors AndreaMenrath1*,LotharHWieler2,KatrinHeidemanns2,TorstenSemmler2,AngelikaFruth3,NicoleKemper1 Abstract Background:ShigatoxinproducingEscherichiacoli(STEC)areanimportantcauseofhumangastro-enteritisand extraintestinalsequelae,withruminants,especiallycattle,asthemajorsourceofinfectionandreservoir.Inthis study,thefecalSTECsheddingof133dairycowswasanalyzedoveraperiodoftwelvemonthsbymonthly samplingwiththeaimtoinvestigatesheddingpatternsandriskfactors. Results:Overall,24.7%(intotal407)of1,646fecalsamplesweretestedpositiveforstxbyPCRwithinner-herd prevalencesonthedifferentfarmsof11.1%to32.3%.Atindividuallevels,cowswerestx-positiveonzerotoeight consecutivesamplings.AccordingtoastrictlylongitudinaldefinitionofSuper-Shedding,inthepresentstudy14 cowswereidentifiedasSuper-Sheddersofnon-O157serotypes. SignificantriskfactorsforthesheddingofSTECwerethemonthofsampling,thenumberoflactationsanddaysin lactation,thenutritionalcondition,thesomaticcellcountandthecontentofproteininmilk.Mostnotably,the presenceofSTECSuper-Sheddingcowsintheherdwasasignificantriskfactor,revealingthatSTECSuper-Shed- dingisnotrestrictedtoSTECO157:H7alone. Conclusions:Thesedatahaveimplicationsforpossibleinterventions,asremovingsinglenon-O157:H7STECSuper- SheddingcattlefromfarmswouldsignificantlyreduceSTECburden. Background adherence, are so-called enterohemorrhagic E. coli Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are an (EHEC),butalsootherSTECcaninduceseriousdisease emerging issue for veterinary public health. Their zoo- inhumans[2,3,6]. Ruminants, andespecially cattle, are notic relevance is related to the severity of caused dis- considered as a natural reservoir of STEC. Extended eases and the low dose of ten to 100 bacteria [1]. The risksoriginateindomesticatedcattlekeptinclosecon- highly cytotoxic Shigatoxin combined withother