Silent Synapses, LTP, and the Indirect Parallel-Fibre Pathway Computational Consequences of Optimal Cerebellar Noise-Processing 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Silent Synapses, LTP, and the Indirect Parallel-Fibre Pathway Computational Consequences of Optimal Cerebellar Noise-Processing 英文参考文献.doc

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Silent Synapses, LTP, and the Indirect Parallel-Fibre Pathway Computational Consequences of Optimal Cerebellar Noise-Processing 英文参考文献

SilentSynapses,LTP,andtheIndirectParallel-Fibre Pathway:ComputationalConsequencesofOptimal CerebellarNoise-Processing JohnPorrill*,PaulDean DepartmentofPsychology,SheffieldUniversity,Sheffield,UnitedKingdom Abstract Computationalanalysisofneuralsystemsisatitsmostusefulwhenituncoversprinciplesthatprovideaunifiedaccountof phenomena across multiple scales and levels of description. Here we analyse a widely used model of the cerebellar contributiontosensori-motorlearningtodemonstrateboththatitsresponsetointrinsicandsensornoiseisoptimal,and thattheunexpectedsynapticandbehaviouralconsequencesofthisoptimalitycanexplainawiderangeofexperimental data. The response of the Marr-Albus adaptive-filter model of the cerebellar microcircuit to noise was examined in the contextofvestibulo-ocularreflexcalibration.Wefoundthat,whenappropriatelyconnected,anadaptive-filtermodelusing thecovariancelearningruletoadjusttheweightsofsynapsesbetweenparallelfibresandPurkinjecellslearnsweightvalues that are optimal given the relative amount of signal and noise carried by each parallel fibre. This optimality principle is consistent with data on the cerebellar role in smooth pursuit eye movements, and predicts that many synaptic weights must be verysmall, providing an explanation for theexperimentally observed preponderance ofsilent synapses. Such a preponderance has in its turn two further consequences. First, an additional inhibitory pathway from parallel fibre to PurkinjecellisrequiredifPurkinjecellactivityistobealteredineitherdirectionfromastartingpointofsilentsynapses. Second,cerebellarlearningtasksmustoftenproceedviaLTP,ratherthanLTDasiswidelyassumed.Takentogether,these considerationshaveprofoundbehaviouralconsequences,includingtheoptimalcombinationofsensori-motorinformation, andasymmetryandhysteresisofsensori-motorlearningrates. Citation: Porrill J, Dean P (2008) Silent Synapses, LTP, and the Indirect Parallel-Fibre Pathway: Computational Consequences of Optimal Cerebellar Noise- Processing