Socio-Economic and Health Access Determinants of Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening in Low-Income Countries Analysis of the World Health Survey 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Socio-Economic and Health Access Determinants of Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening in Low-Income Countries Analysis of the World Health Survey 英文参考文献.doc

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Socio-Economic and Health Access Determinants of Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening in Low-Income Countries Analysis of the World Health Survey 英文参考文献

Socio-EconomicandHealthAccessDeterminantsof BreastandCervicalCancerScreeninginLow-Income Countries:AnalysisoftheWorldHealthSurvey TomiF.Akinyemiju* DepartmentofEpidemiology,UniversityofMichiganSchoolofPublicHealth,AnnArbor,Michigan,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:BreastandCervicalcancerarethetwomostcommoncancersamongwomenindevelopingcountries.Regular screeningisthemosteffectivewayofensuringthatthesecancersaredetectedatearlystages;howeverfewstudieshave assessedfactorsthatpredictcancerscreeningindevelopingcountries. Purpose: To assess the influence of household socio-economic status (SES), healthcare access and country level characteristicsonbreastandcervicalcancerscreeningamongwomenindevelopingcountries. Methods: Women ages 18–69 years (cervical cancer screening) and 40–69 years (breast cancer screening) from 15 developingcountrieswhoparticipatedinthe2003WorldHealthSurveyprovideddataforthisstudy.HouseholdSESand healthcare access was assessed based on self-reported survey responses. SAS survey procedures (SAS, Version 9.2) were usedtoassessdeterminantsofbreastandcervicalcancerscreeninginseparatemodels. Results:4.1%ofwomenages18–69yearshadreceivedcervicalcancerscreeninginthepastthreeyears,whileonly2.2%of womenages40–69yearshadreceivedbreastcancerscreeninginthepast5yearsindevelopingcountries.Cancerscreening ratesvariedbycountry;cervicalcancerscreeningrangedfrom1.1%inBangladeshto57.6%inCongoandbreastcancer screeningrangedfrom0%inMalito26%inCongo.SignificantdeterminantsofcancerscreeningwerehouseholdSES,rural residence,countryhealthexpenditure(asapercentofGDP)aswellashealthcareaccess. Discussion:Alotmoreneedstobedonetoimprovescreeningratesforbreastandcervicalcancerindevelopingcountries, suchasincreasinghealthexpenditure(especiallyinruralareas),applyingtheincreasedfundstowardstheprovisionofmore, bettereducatedhealthprovidersaswellasimprovedinfrastructure. Citation:AkinyemijuTF(2012)Socio-EconomicandHealthAccessDeterminantsofBreastandCervicalCancerScreeninginLow-