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Sources of variation of the cattle
secondary sex ratio
P Astolfi  S Tentoni
2
2
 Istituto di Analisi Numerica  del 
CNR,    Abbiategrasso, 209, 27100 Pavia, Italy
via 
(Received 9 March 1994; accepted 24 August 1994)
Summary - The aim of this study was to establish the importance of genetic, biological
and environmental factors which may affect sex ratio at birth in dairy cattle. Four main
kinds of variations may be considered: heterogeneity between the mothers with respect to
the probability of a male birth, variation in this probability according to parity within the
progenies; correlation between the sexes of adjacent births, and breeders’ decisions. 
developed models in which all or some of these factors were simultaneously included, and
tested them on  a sample of about 266 000 dams. The male birth proportion was  found
to be significantly heterogeneous between dams, increasing over  time within progenies,
secondary sex ratio / non-random variation / Markov dependency / dairy cattle
taux  de masculinité à  la naissance  chez les
bovins. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer l’importance des facteurs génétiques, bi-
ologiques et environnementau! susceptibles d’influencer le taux de masculinité à la nais-
sidérées : l’hétérogénéité entre les mères quant à la probabilité de la naissance d’un male,
la variation de cette probabilité selon la parité, la corrélation entre les sexes    des nais-
sances successives et, enfin, les décisions des éleveurs. Nous   avons  établi des modèles dans
lesquels tous ou quelques-uns de ces facteurs sont inclus de fa?on simultanée et nous   les
avons .éprouvés sur un échantillon d’environ 266 000 mères. La proportion des naissances
de males diffère significativement entre les mères. Elle a tendance à augmenter au fil du
temps dans une même descendance et est influencée par le choix de l’éleveur d’arrêter ou
de prolonger la carrière reproductive de la mère. Le sexe d’une naissance ne présente pas
d’effet statistiquement significat
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