Surf and Turf Mechanism of Enhanced Virus Spread During Poxvirus Infection 英文参考文献.docVIP

Viruses 2010, 2, 1050-1054; doi:10.3390/v2051050 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Commentary Surf and Turf: Mechanism of Enhanced Virus Spread During Poxvirus Infection Richard C. Condit Department of Molecular Genetics Microbiology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100266, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; E-Mail: condit@; Tel.: +1 352 273-9523; Fax: +1 352 273-8905 Received: 7 April 2010; in revised form: 21 April 2010 / Accepted: 27 April 2010 / Published: 28 April 2010 Abstract: Commentary on Doceul, V.; Hollinshead, M.; van der Linden, L.; Smith, G.L. Repulsion of superinfecting virions: a mechanism for rapid virus spread. Science 2010, 327, 873-876. Often the simplest observation inspires the most profound insight. Such is the case with a recent paper from Doceul et al. in the February 12 issue of Science [1]. The simple observation is that vaccinia virus plaques grow faster than can be accounted for by the replication cycle of the virus. The insight, after a good deal of novel experimentation, is that virus is surfing on a wave of infectivity at the leading edge of a growing plaque, turfed from cells that are infected but not yet producing virus in order to access virgin cells. The observations represent a fresh perspective on the fundamentals of virus replication and at the same time offer opportunities for advances in antiviral therapy. Vaccinia virus, the prototypical poxvirus, is the virus that was used as a live vaccine for the eradication of smallpox [2]. Poxviruses are large (200 genes) DNA-containing viruses that carry out their entire replication cycle in the cell cytoplasm, and thus must encode all the enzymes required for virus mRNA synthesis and modification and for viral DNA replication. Despite eradication of smallpox, interest in poxviruses persists for several reasons: poxviruses have long served as models for fundamental studies of RNA and DNA