Ultra-Abrupt Tapered Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Sensors 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2011, 11, 5729-5739; doi:10.3390/s110605729 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article Ultra-Abrupt Tapered Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Sensors Benye Li 1, Lan Jiang 1,2,*, Sumei Wang 1, Lanying Zhou 1, Hai Xiao 2 and Hai-Lung Tsai 3 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; E-Mails: libenye@ (B.L.); wangsumei@ (S.W.); zhouly@ (L.Z.) 2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA; E-Mail: xiaoha@ (H.X.) 3 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA; E-Mail: tsai@ (H.-L.T.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: jianglan@; Tel.: +86-010 Fax: +86-010 Received: 2 April 2011; in revised form: 2 May 2011 / Accepted: 24 May 2011 / Published: 27 May 2011 Abstract: A fiber inline Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) consisting of ultra-abrupt fiber tapers was fabricated through a new fusion-splicing method. By fusion-splicing, the taper diameter-length ratio is around 1:1, which is much greater than those (1:10) made by stretching. The proposed fabrication method is very low cost, 1/20–1/50 of those of LPFG pair MZI sensors. The fabricated MZIs are applied to measure refractive index, temperature and rotation angle changes. The temperature sensitivity of the MZI at a length of 30 mm is 0.061 nm/°C from 30–350 °C. The proposed MZI is also used to measure rotation angles ranging from 0° to 0.55°; the sensitivity is 54.98 nm/°. The refractive index sensitivity is improved by 3–5 fold by fabricating an inline micro–trench on the fiber cladding using a femtosecond laser. Acetone vapor of 50 ppm in N2 is tested by the MZI sensor coated with MFI–type zeolite thin film. The proposed MZI sensors are capable of in situ detection in many are