Uncovering high rates of unsafe injection equipment reuse in rural Cameroon validation of a survey instrument that probes for specific misconceptions 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Uncovering high rates of unsafe injection equipment reuse in rural Cameroon validation of a survey instrument that probes for specific misconceptions 英文参考文献.doc

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Uncovering high rates of unsafe injection equipment reuse in rural Cameroon validation of a survey instrument that probes for specific misconceptions 英文参考文献

Okwenetal.HarmReductionJournal2011,8:4 /content/8/1/4 RESEARCH OpenAccess Uncoveringhighratesofunsafeinjection equipmentreuseinruralCameroon:validation ofasurveyinstrumentthatprobesforspecific misconceptions MbahPOkwen1,BedesYNgem2,FozaoAAlomba3,MireilleVCapo4,SavannaRReid5*,EbongCEwang6 Abstract Background:Unsafereuseofinjectionequipmentinhospitalsisanon-goingthreattopatientsafetyinmanypartsof Africa.Theextentofthisproblemisdifficulttomeasure.StandardWHOinjectionsafetyassessmentprotocolsusedinthe 2003nationalinjectionsafetyassessmentinCameroonareproblematicbecausehealthworkersoftenbehavedifferently undertheobservationofvisitors.Themainobjectiveofthisstudyistoassesstheextentofunsafeinjectionequipment reuseandpotentialforblood-bornevirustransmissioninCameroon.Thiscanbedonebyprobingformisconceptions aboutinjectionsafetythatexplainreusewithoutsterilization.Thesemisconceptionsconcernuselessprecautionsagainst cross-contamination,i.e.“indirectreuse”ofinjectionequipment.Toinvestigatewhetherashortageofsupplyexplains unsafereuse,wecomparedoursurveydataagainstrecordsofpurchases. Methods:AllhealthworkersatpublichospitalsintwohealthdistrictsintheNorthwestProvinceofCameroonwere interviewedabouttheirowninjectionpractices.InjectionequipmentsupplypurchaserecordsdocumentedforJanuary toDecember2009werecomparedwithself-reportedratesofsyringereuse.ThenumberofHIV,HBVandHCV infectionsthatresultfromunsafemedicalinjectionsinthesehealthdistrictsisestimatedfromthefrequencyofunsafe reuse,thenumberofinjectionsperformed,theprobabilitythatreusedinjectionequipmenthadjustbeenusedonan infectedpatient,thesizeofthesusceptiblepopulation,andthetransmissionefficiencyofeachvirusinaninjection. Results:InjectionequipmentreuseoccurscommonlyintheNorthwestProvinceofCameroon,practicedby44%of healthworkersatpublichospitals.Self-reportedratesofsyringereuseonlypartlyexplainedbyrecordsoninjection equipmentsuppliedtothesehospitals,showingashortageofsyringeswheresyringesarereused.Injectionsafety interventionscould