特殊句式与主谓一致pptConvertor.docVIP

浠水一中2014届英语语法复习 专题二：特殊句式和主谓一致 “特殊句式”包括强调句、倒装句、感叹句、省略句和反意疑问句等。从近几年的高考试题看，单独考查特殊句式和主谓一致的题目很少，试题的测试经常呈交叉性，许多知识点都是嫁接在一起考查，这种交叉性的考查加大了综合考查语法的力度。同时由于该部分内容相对庞杂，学习时要注意梳理知识结构，抓住考点的位移规律。 专题考点聚焦 ·倒装· 倒装有两种形式：一是句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前，进行完全倒装；二是只将助动词、情态动词等提前到主语的前面，进行部分倒装。 考点一　全部倒装 构成：将谓语动词直接提到主语前。 规则1：地点副词或方位副词here, there, out, in, up, down, away, off等放在句首，谓语动词多为be，come，go等,而主语是名词时，句子则完全倒装。但是，当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。如： Out rushed the children. Away he went. 规则2：地点状语位于句首时，为了避免头重脚轻，常将谓语置于主语之前，进行完全倒装。如： South of the river lies a small factory. From the valley came a frightening sound. 规则3：such, then, now, thus, the following 位于句首，谓语动词多为come, follow, begin, end, be时用完全倒装。如： Such are the facts. The following is the answer to the question. Now comes your turn. 规则4：there be句型中，用完全倒装。此时，结构中的be可用lie/exist/stand/live/seem 等动词替代。如： There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain. 规则5：有时为了突出或强调，可用“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。如： Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests. Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 规则6：在 “so…that”和“such…that”结构中，将“so＋adj./adv.”和“such＋n.”提到句首时主句部分用完全倒装。如： So terrible was the storm that the whole roofs were blown off. Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. 考点二　部分倒装 构成：将情态动词、助动词、be动词提到主语前。 规则1：含有否定意义的副词或短语放在句首时。如：few, little, never, not, no, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than…， not only…but (also), at no time, by no means, in no way , under no circumstances等。如： He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off.(注意谓语动词的形式) Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(将until后面的全部内容提前) 规则2：so/as/neither/nor 为标志词放在句首。如： (1)表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物。so/as＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。如： —Ive got an enormous amount of work to do. —So have I. (2)表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一人或物。neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。如： If she doesnt agree to the plan, neither will Tom. (3)当前面既有肯定又有否定或两个谓语时用s