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Event-related potentials to task-irrelevant changes in facial expressions
Behavioral and Brain Functions
BioMedCentral
Research
Open Access
Event-related potentials to task-irrelevant changes in facial
expressions
Piia Astikainen*1,2 and Jari K Hietanen2
Address: 1Department of Psychology, PO Box 35, 40014 University of Jyv?skyl?, Jyv?skyl?, Finland and 2Human Information Processing
Laboratory, Department of Psychology, 33014 University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
Email: Piia Astikainen* - piia.astikainen@psyka.jyu.fi; Jari K Hietanen - jari.hietanen@uta.fi
* Corresponding author
Published: 20 July 2009
Received: 9 June 2009
Accepted: 20 July 2009
Behavioral and Brain Functions 2009, 5:30
doi:10.1186/1744-9081-5-30
This article is available from: /content/5/1/30
? 2009 Astikainen and Hietanen; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0),
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Numerous previous experiments have used oddball paradigm to study change
detection. This paradigm is applied here to study change detection of facial expressions in a context
which demands abstraction of the emotional expression-related facial features among other
changing facial features.
Methods: Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in adult humans engaged in a demanding
auditory task. In an oddball paradigm, repeated pictures of faces with a neutral expression
(standard, p = .9) were rarely replaced by pictures with a fearful (fearful deviant, p = .05) or happy
(happy deviant, p = .05) expression. Importantly, facial identities changed from picture to picture.
Thus, change detection required abstraction of facial expression from changes in several low-level
visual features.
Results: ERPs to both types of deviants differed from those to standards. At occipital electrode
sites, ERPs to dev
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