Experimental Method for Characterizing Electrical Steel Sheets in the Normal Direction.docVIP

Experimental Method for Characterizing Electrical Steel Sheets in the Normal Direction.doc

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Sensors2010,10,9053-9064;doi:10.3390/s101009053 OPENACCESS sensors ISSN1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article ExperimentalMethodforCharacterizingElectricalSteelSheets intheNormalDirection NabilHihat 1,2,JeanPhilippeLecointe 1,2,?,StephaneDuchesne 1,2,EwaNapieralska 1,2 and ThierryBelgrand 3 1 UnivLilleNorddeFrance,F-59000Lille,France;E-Mails:nabilhihat@ens.univ-artois.fr(N.H.); stephane.duchesne@univ-artois.fr(S.D.);ewa.napieralskajuszczak@univ-artois.fr(E.N.) UArtois,LSEE,F-62400B′ethune,France ThyssenKruppElectricalSteel(TKES),F-62330Isbergues,France; E-Mail:thierry.belgrand@(T.B.) 2 3 ? Authortowhomcorrespondenceshouldbeaddressed;E-Mail:jphilippe.lecointe@univ-artois.fr; Tel.:+33-321-637-235;Fax:+33-321-637-211. Received:2September2010;inrevisedform:15September2010/Accepted:25September2010/ Published:8October2010 Abstract: This paper proposes an experimental method to characterise magnetic laminations in the direction normal to the sheet plane. The principle, which is based on astaticexcitationtoavoidplanareddycurrents,isexplainedandspeci?ctestbenchesare proposed.Measurementsofthe?uxdensityaremadewithasensormovinginandoutofan air-gap. Asimpleanalyticalmodelisderivedinordertodeterminethepermeabilityinthe normaldirection. Theexperimentalresultsforgrainorientedsteelsheetsarepresentedand acomparisonisprovidedwithvaluesobtainedfromliterature. Keywords:magneticmeasurement;permeability;electricalsteelsheet;magneticanisotropy 1. Introduction GrainorientedGOsheetsareusuallycharacterisedinthedirectionsofthesheetplaneonly.However, modelling magnetic circuits in 3D, for example using ?nite element software, often requires the knowledge of characteristics of magnetic materials in all three principal directions. Unfortunately, informationaboutthenormaldirection,thatistosaythedirectionnormaltothesheetplane,israrely Sensors2010,10 9054 available[1]. Tworeasonsunderlinethedif?culty. First,itisindeedwhathappensintherollingand transverse (which is perpendicular to rolling b

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