生理复习提纲(2008级).docVIP

复习提纲 专业名词： positive feedback and negative feedback nervous regulation and humoral regulation and autoregulation passive transport and active transport simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion excitability and excitation resting potential and action potential all or none phenomena excitation-contraction coupling the chemical synapse and the electrical synapse excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) presynaptic inhibition and postsynaptic inhibition reflex and reflex arc condictioned reflex and uncondictioned reflex postsynaptic inhibition and presynaptic inhibition stretch reflex specific projection system and non-specific projection system evoked cortical potential Learning and memory short-term memory and long-term memory laterality cerebral dorminance adequate stimulus of receptor visual accommodation near point of vision dark adaptation and light adaptation travelling wave theory crystal osmotic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure blood coagulation extrinsic pathway and intrinsic pathway agglutinogen and agglutinin the working cardiac cells and the rhythmic cells extrasystole and compensatory pause sinus rhythm cardiac cycle normal pacemaker and ectopic pacemaker Pulmonary ventilation Intrapleural pressure timed vital capacity physiological dead space oxyen-hemoglobin dissociation curve pulmonary stretch reflex digestion and absorption mechanical digestion and chemical digestion slow wave potential energy metabolism basal metabolism osmotic diuresis hormone menstrual cycle 问答题 1、何谓动作电位？试述神经纤维动作电位的产生机制。 2、何谓兴奋性突触后电位和抑制性突触后电位？ 3、试述经典突触传递的基本过程。 4、简述感受器的一般生理特性。 5、试述视觉的二元学说。 6、简述基底膜振动的行波理论。 7、简述、心室肌细胞的动作电位有何特征？各时相产生的离子机制如何。 10、静脉输入大量50%葡萄糖后，尿有何变化，为什么？ 11、简述下丘脑与垂体之间的功能联系。 12、简述糖尿病病人的“三多一少”。