The effects of K + on heart activity(国外英文资料).docVIP

The effects of K + on heart activity(国外英文资料) The effect of K + on heart activity: In general, the myocardium is sensitive to the change in K + concentration of cells. But the sensitivity of different parts of the heart muscle is different, the atrial muscle is the most sensitive, the atrial fastidium is inferior, the sinus node is less sensitive. When the concentration of potassium in extracellular fluid increased, the effect on excitability was related to the extent of the increase in concentration. Increased when the concentration of K + mild or moderate, the cells inside and outside the concentration gradient of K +, K + outflow is weakened, the absolute value of resting potential (RP) is reduced, and the threshold potential (TP) difference decreases, and increased cell excitability; When the concentration of K + increased significantly, the absolute value of the RP decrease (membrane - 55 mv), sodium channels open lower efficiency, sodium channels gradually inactivation, excitatory reduce or loss, serious when, can lead to cardiac arrest in the state of relaxation. At this point, only the internal flow of Ca2 + is formed to form the action potential, so the increase is small and slow, which slows the conduction of excitation and reduces the conductivity. When the concentration of K + outside the cell increases, the permeability of the cell membrane to potassium increases, the process of the ventricular myocyte complex is accelerated, the period of the platform is shortened, and the period of refractory period is shortened. High potassium has a inhibitory effect on the function of myocardial contraction. Because the K + and Ca2 outside of the cell have a competitive inhibition on the cell membrane; So when the outside membrane increased concentration of K +, platform flow in the period of Ca2 +, myocardial intracellular Ca2 + concentration is difficult to rise, reduce shrinkage of the excitement of the Ca2 + - coupling effect, and weakened the ability of myocard