细胞与细胞工程b2011,11,8.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * The features of iPS Reprogramming factors. Selection schemes. Sequential activation of pluripotency markers. Functional criteria to assess the iPS. Reprogramming factors Three groups of potential pluripotency-inducing factors have been selected. Group 1: consists of transcription factors specifically expressed in ESCs, including Nanog, Oct-3/4, Sox2, UTF1, Sall4, Sox15, Rex1. Group 2: consists of growth- and tumour- related gene products that have been shown to play important role in ESCs, including c-Myc, Stat3, beta-catenin, Grb2, KLF4, TCL1, ERas. Group 3: consists of factors that are also specifically expressed in ESCs, but with, as yet, less defined functions, including ECAT1, ESG1, Fbx15, DNMT3L, ECAT8, GDF3, ECAT15-2, Fthl17, Stella. Yamanaka. Cell Prolif.2008,41:51-56. Reprogramming factors Selection schemes Sequential activation of pluripotency markers Functional criteria to assess iPS The problems of iPS Low efficiency of reprogramming: 0.1%. Require viral-mediated integration of transgenes into the genome. Tumor formation: 20% (c-Myc) The progress of iPS More cell types to generate iPS. Fetal and adult fibroblasts; Mesenchymal stem cell; Gastric and intestinal epithelial cell; Hepatocyte; Terminally differentiated mature B lymphocytes; Pancreatic beta Cells … Jacob Hanna, et al. Cell .2008,133:250-264. Stadtfeld M, et al. Curr Biol. 2008 May 21. [Epub ahead of print] More efficient methodes to induce iPS. Less tumor formation. N-Myc; Without Myc… Wernig, M., et al. Cell Stem Cell.2008a, 2:10-12. Nakagawa, M., et al. Nat. Biotechnol. 2008, 26:101-106 The Molecular circuitry of pluripotency Rudolf Jaenisch, et al. Cell. 2008, 132:567-582. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 胞外基质的生物学特性 1、不