第八讲非谓语动.pptVIP

高考总复习·人教版·英语 语法部分 第八讲 非谓语动词 考点透析 1.不定式、分词、动名词的否定式都是在其前面加 not /never。如： （1） Mrs.Smith warned her daughter never to drive after drinking. （2） Not knowing what to do，I went to the teacher for advice. （3）I apologize to you for not telling you the truth immediately. 2. 不定式的进行时表示动作与谓语动作同时发生。不定式、分词、动名词的完成式表动作在谓语之前发生。如： （1） When mother came into the room，Sid pretended to be working hard at his lessons. （2）Robert is said to have studied abroad，but I don，t know what country he studied in. （3）Having finished all my homework，I went out to play football with Li Ming. (4) The boy was severely punished by his father for having told lies. 3.不定式做定语时，如果不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词是不定式动作的工具、地点，不定式后就应有必要的介词。如： There are five pairs to choose from，but I，m at a loss which to buy. 4.不定式主动表被动的几种情况： 在 There be结构中，做定语的不定式既可用主动语态也可用被动语态。如： There is a lot of work to do/ to be done. 不定式做定语时，如果不定式所修饰的名词是不定式的宾语，但是又可在句子中找到另一个词做不定式的逻辑主语，不定式要用主动语态。如： Would you please give the boy something to read? (something是 read的宾语，the boy是 read的逻辑主语，不定式用主动语态。) 注意比较下列两个句子： I have some letters to type.(隐含意义：I，ll type the letters myself.) Do you have any letters to be typed，sir?(隐含意义：I，ll type the letters for you.) 5.关于不定式的省略 在连词than，as后、介词except，but，besides后，如果前有实义动词do的某种形式，动词不定式一般不带to，反之则带to。如： （1） In that case，there is nothing you can do than wait. （2） He likes reading novels besides to play the piano. 使役动词make，let，have和感官动词see，watch，hear， observe后接不定式做宾补时要省to，但在被动语态中，to不能省。如： （1）A computer does only what thinking people have it do.（2）Paul doesn，t have to be made to learn.He always works hard.  6.admit，advise，avoid，appreciate，can，t help，consider，delay，deny，escape，enjoy,finish,feel like， fancy,imagine，mind，miss，practise,risk，suggest等动词以及所有带介词的短语动词后面只能跟动名词做宾语。如：（1） I really appreciate having time to relax with you on this nice island. （2）The boy was lucky enough to escape being punished. 7. remember，forget，try，mean，regret，stop，go on后接不定式做宾语与接动名词做宾语，意义有很大区别，必须牢记。 regret doing因做过某事而后悔，动作已发生；