中复习之非谓语动词.docx

中考总复习之 非谓语动词 一、动词不定式（主动，经常性和将来的意义）1.动词不定式作宾语。1)在动词want ,hope,would like,decide,wish,choose,try ,need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。I hope ______(hear)from you soon .2)think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sth??He found it difficult _______(get) to sleep.3).stop to do sth / stop doing sth??stop to do sth 停下来去做某事??? stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。After working for a long time , He has to stop _______(have ) a rest .He was very tired , so he had to stop ______(work).2.动词不定式作宾补。1).带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth?Please ask him _________(come) quickly.2).省掉to的不定式作宾补的动词有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/watch+sb +do sth?注：省掉to的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原to（在被动语态句式中做主补） .He made the baby _______(stop) crying .The baby was made ______ _____ crying.3.动词不定式作主语1).动词不定式常可用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2).常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。To do sth +谓语动词+adj /n =It +谓语动词+adj / n + to do sth?To get an injection is a little painful .= _____ a little painful ____ ____ an injection4.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后名词或代词+to do(介词)注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后加上相应的介词。I want a pen to write ______.???? I want a piece of paper to write ______.5.动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问词+ to do sth?注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+to do sth”.Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital ?Can you tell me _____ ____ ____ the hospital.6.动词不定式可作状语1).动词不定式可作目的状语?在come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。He came here ______(get)his book.2).动词不定式可作原因状语表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后与动词不定式连用作原因状语He was glad _______(see) his wife.3).动词不定式可作结果状语在too…to …, not …enough to …句型中的动词不定式作结果状语。He was too tired _______(walk) on .7.动词不定式作表语?be + to do sth?注：动词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互换，且常表将来。Her wish is _______(become) a doctor ._____ _____ is her wish .8.动词不定式的否定形式?在动词不定式的前面加not .?? He told me _______(not stay) here .★注意辨别to 的词义? To有两种用法：1）不定式符号，后接动词原形；2）介词，后接名词或动名词to 为介词的初中常见短语有： be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事；look forward to doing sth期盼做某事；pay attention to doing sth注意做某事；make a contribution to doing sth为-