上外翻译I笔记(第六讲、第七讲).docVIP

第六讲 英汉对比之思维与文化 汉语直观性强 百褶裙 pleated skirt 露背装 halter top 回形针 paper clip 汉语爱以具体比喻抽象 蚕食 nibble Our army won a smooth and overwhelming victory. 我军势如破竹，打得敌军落花流水 Wisdom prepares for the worst; but folly leaves the worst for the day it comes. 智者未雨绸缪，愚者临渴掘井 中国人重整体，西方人重个体 汉语无主句、省略句居多 本体型思维和客体型思维 The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps. 我走在厚厚的地毯上，一点脚步声都没有 顺向思维与逆向思维 after you, sir 先生，您先请 But we are getting ahead of the story. 但是我们正在讲后面的故事 All the date mentioned in the paper have been moved back in time. 论文中提到的日期都提前了 语言观 东方人言简意赅，西方人口若悬河 东方人喜欢和谐，西方人喜欢争论 文化：Culture is whatever people do monkeys don’t. 二、文化差异 as wise as an owl 猫头鹰 dragon 龙 三、联想异同 同：as white as snow 异：体壮如牛 as strong as a horse 如鱼得水 like a duck to water 多如牛毛 as plentiful as blackberries 水中捞月 to fish in the air 害群之马 black sheep 挥金如土 spend money like water 画蛇添足 gild the lily 四、制度信仰世界观的差异 intellectual vs. 知识分子（没有实践经验的） individualism vs. 个人主义（英雄主义） green：inexperienced; envy; environmentally friendly; money 隐情，形容穷，不辞而别，形容喉咙疼 She felt that she must not yield, she mush go on living her straitened, humdrum life. This was her punishment for having made a mistake. She had made her bed, and she must lie on it. 一、调整句子长度 二、调整句子结构 第七讲 选义与选词 I worked hard for nothing. work：工作、志愿工作、付出、解大便… Tom passed. pass：死了、考试过了、没有叫牌、传球 我需要一根粗绳子 a fat woman, a fat income, big fat apple, fat lands 选义一：词性 Like attracts like 物以类聚 Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子 虎父无犬子 上梁不正下梁歪 I like jazz 选义二：搭配 man and animal man and woman officers and men 官兵 the boss and his men 老板和下属 man and wife 丈夫和妻子 run a car run a factory run short 用完 run messages 送信 run the street 流浪街头 Evil news runs fast. 恶事传千里 The play runs 4 weeks. 这出戏连演四周 run across a friend 遇到一位朋友 run for presidency 竞选总统 run into debts 欠债 run to the extreme run the risk of 冒…的风险 run a thread through a needle’s eye 穿针引线 the street runs north immediate reply