秸秆还田对土壤改良的研究进展.pdfVIP

中国农学通报 2009,25(19):291-294 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 秸秆还田对土壤改良的研究进展 申源源，陈宏 2 2 （西南大学资源环境学院，重庆400716 ；重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室，重庆400716 ） 摘 要：农作物秸秆中含有大量的碳、氮、磷等多种营养元素，同时富含纤维素、半纤维素和一定数量的木 质素、蛋白质和糖等有机物质，是一种可以资源化利用的固体废弃物。秸秆还田可以改善土壤结构及保 水、肥、气、热的能力，使土壤容重降低、孔隙度增加、有机质含量提高，养分结构趋于合理；秸秆还田能够 节约化肥用量，降低生产成本，减少环境污染，确保农业生产的良性循环，保护农村生态环境，促进农业 的生态化发展。 关键词：秸秆；秸秆还田；土壤改良 中图分类号：S156．2 文献标识码：A 论文编号：2009-1663 The Progress of Study on Soil Improvement Research with Straw Stalk Shen Yuanyuan1, Chen Hong1 2 ( College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716; 2 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716) Abstract: Crop stalks are a resource utilization of solid waste, which contain a large number of carbon, nitro⁃ gen, phosphorus, and other nutrients. At the same time, they are rich in cellulose, hemicelluloses, and a cer⁃ tain amount of lignin, protein and sugar and other organic substances. Stalks can improve the structure of soil and keep the ability of water, fertilizer, gas and heat, decrease soil bulk density, increase porosity, improve the content of organic matter, make nutritional structure tend to reasonable. Straw returning can save the amount of chemical fertilizers, reduce production costs. It also can reduce the environmental pollution, ensure the agricul⁃ tural production in virtuous cycle, protect rural ecological environment, and promote the development of ecolog⁃ ical agriculture. Key words: straw stalk, straw returning, soil improvement 0 引言 系统恶化，作物产量下降。这已经成为政府关心、社会 农作物秸秆是农业生产中的主要废弃物之 ，含