紫色水稻土磷素动态特征及其环境影响研究.pdfVIP

第 29 卷第 2 期 Vol. 29 ,No.2 2∞8 年 2 月 Feb. ,2008 紫色水稻土磷素动态特征及其环境影晌研究 李学平1 ，石孝均1 ， 2 * (1.因商大学资源环境学院，重庆 400716; 2. 国家土壤肥力与肥料效益监测基地闷，重庆 4ω716) 摘要:采用单排单谦的回间试验，研究了施用化学磷肥和有机肥对水稻生长期稻田径流水利田面水巾磷素动恋变化的影响， 并对其可能产生的环境风险进行了分析.结果表明，随着施磷水平的提高田面水磷含锺升高，施肥 24 h 后各处理回丽水磷索 含撞最高，总磷(TP) 含戴在 0.928 - 3.824 mg/L之间:前 30 d 闺阁水磷含盘波动大，TP 平均含霞在0.259-1 .433 mg/L之间，超过 水体窗营养化的临界值，在此期间应避免排水和中耕等回间管理;40 d 之后回田水磷含量缓慢下降，60 d 后趋于稳定，且含量 较低.役流水各形态磷的含援和流失负荷随着降雨强度和磷肥用最的增加而增加，径流水中府解磷(DP) 占 TP 的 509奋以上，稻 2 田土壤磷索淋失以 DP 为主，磷家流失负荷在 0.358 句 2.579 kg/hm 之间.稻田磷素流失也受施肥方式的影响，施用牛粪比施用 秸轩更容易导致磷兹的流失，施用牛粪处理磷京流失负荷比施用秸轩处理商 40% ，化学磷肥与秸秤配施稻田磷索流失负荷手u 表观流失率显著降低，秸轩与磷肥配合施用是减少稻田磷京流失的较好措施. 关键词:紫色土;水稻田;磷素;动态特征:环境影响 中图分类号:X53 文献栋识码:A 文章编号:0250-3301 (2∞8 )02-0434-06 Dynamic Characteristics of Phosphorus in Purple Paddy Soil and Its Environmental Impact LI Xue-p (仆1 . College of 胁Re制s盼酬ο刷UI眈吧啊e盼s and Env川v忖ironm阳阳e啊ent ， Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China; 2. National Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency Long-term Monitoring Network , Chongqing 400716 , China) Abstract: The dynamic chara口teristics of phosphorus (P) in the surface water and runoff of paddy field with different P fertilízing treatments were investigated using the field experiment under the independent irrigation system as well as its environmental impa价.四e results showed that the concentration of total phosphorus (TP) in the surface water increased as the fertilizing amounts enhanced and reached the peak values after 24 h for all treatments in range of 0.928 阳 3.824 mg/L. And the fluctuation of TP concentration in surface water was drastic during the first 30 days with the average contents of 0.259 -