美国集合实体规则的演进及评析.pdfVIP

第 29 卷第 3 期 Vol. 29 , No. 3 河北法学 201 1 年 3 月 Hebei Law Science Mar. , 201 1 美国集合实体规则的演进及评析 李忠民 (江西财经大学法学院，江西南昌 330013 ) 摘 要反对强迫自证其罪特权是美阔宪法第五修正条款的重要内容之→，这一特权的权城是在与集合实体规则的 党争中逐步得以明确的。通过判例，美阁联邦最高法院已将集合实体规则适用于个人独资公司，投资者设立独 资公词的行为被认为隐含地放弃了不被强迫自说其罪特权\这一新近发烧值得关注。通过考察集合实体规 则在美国的演进过程及其激i阔的朋境，提出在我倒确立不被强迫自证其罪原则的同时，成明确这一特权元兹别 地适用于一切自然人，但~公安司法人员已经预知证据的存在及其持有人时，持有人无权主张不被强迫自诋其 辖权，必须提供该证据。 关键诩:集合实体规则:不被强迫自证其罪;刑事诉讼法再修改 中图分类号: DFil3 文献栋i只码:A 文章编号: 1002帽3933 (2011 )03 -0186嗡4 On Evaluation and Its Development of Collective Entity Doctrine in U. S LI Zhong咀lin (Law School , liangxì University of Finance and Economics. Nanchang 330013 China) Abstract: The privilege a事.ainst self.incrimination cl刷脚 in the Fifth Amendment is important , and it is defined hy Supreme Court app1ying Collective Entity Doctrine to c嗣es. Now Collective Entity Doctrine can be applied to a wholly owned finn , and the a1teration of a company f10m a sole p1Oprietol$hip to a wholly owned finn will be regarded as implied abandon of the privilege against self-incrimìnation by cou川. In this article , the author fi阳tly reviews the development of the Collective Entity Doctrine and its plight 8t pre盹nt in U. S. Then , the 恤tbor pre盹nts that the privilege of 幌lf.incrimination should be applìed to a1l the nature pel$on without any dìscriminatìon. and that a pel$on who holds the tangible evidence can not ìn