冠词与普通名词.docVIP

冠词（Article）是最典型的限定词。?冠词与普通名词?定冠词常用来表示独一无二的事物。例如：The?Koran?is?the?sacred?book?of?the?Muslims.The?Pope?is?to?visit?some?East?countries?next?month.1?在乐器名称之前常用定冠词，而在球类、棋类等文体活动名称之前通常用零冠词。例如：Tom?plays?the?accordion?and?I?the?violin.How?about?a?game?of?bridge??在度量衡名称前常用定冠词，但在许多情况下，既可用定冠词，也可用不定冠词。例如：We?are?paid?by?the?hour/the?piece.My?watch?gains?12?seconds?a?day.There?are?16?ounces?to?the?pound/in?a?pound.It?sells?at?two?dollars?the?pound/a?pound.?在职位、职称、官阶、职业等名称之前通常用零冠词，特别是当这类词组出现在主语补语或宾语补语位置时。例如：Who’s?captain?of?the?ship?They?elected?him?general?manager?of?the?company.4?在季节名称之前，如果表示某某季节的性质，通常用零冠词；但若表示特定的时段，则用定冠词。例如：The?summit?conference?was?scheduled?to?take?place?in?the?spring.night，day，morning等名词前也是同样的：在by-词组中交通工具名称之前通常用零冠词，但在其他情况下则用定冠词或不定冠词。比较：It’s?much?cheaper?to?ship?goods?by?road?than?by?air.He?took?a/?the?tube?to?Victoria.6?疾病名称前（包括以-s结尾的疾病名称），通常用零冠词。例如：Smoking?can?causes?cancer?in?the?lungs.AIDS?is?a?fatal?disease.某些小病名称，通常用不定冠词：I’m?having?a?cold/?a?sore?throat/?a?cough.I’ve?caught?a?chill.?在餐食名称前通常用零冠词，但若特指某一次的餐食则用定冠词或不定冠词。例如：Dinner?was?already?waiting?for?her.I?am?to?give?a?dinner?for?gusts?form?Japan.How?did?you?enjoy?the?dinner?last?night.但若餐食名称前带前置修饰语通常用不定冠词：A?relaxed?breakfast?is?itself?an?enjoyment.I?had?a?late?supper?last?night. 8．bed,?church,?college,?court,?hospital,?market,?office,?prison,?sea,?school,?table等名词前，如果带定冠词或不定冠词则表示各该名词所表示的处所；若带零冠词，则表示各该处所得功能。例如：Before?the?war?there?used?to?be?a?school?in?the?village.The?boy?is?old?enough?for?school.When?we?go?to?the?church,?the?wedding?ceremony?had?already?began.He?is?in/?at?church.?(在做礼拜)When?I?saw?him,?he?was?dozing?at?the?table.They?were?at?table?when?we?called.(10)?在某些与动词同形的名词前用定冠词可表示一种相关的运动状态。例如：The?number?of?students?in?this?school?has?been?constantly?on?the?increase.Don’t?jump?off?the?train?when?it?is?on?the?move.We?have?been?on?the?go?all?day.A?taxi?driver?came?to?the/?his?rescue?and?took?him?to?hospital.(11)?在某些单数名词前用定冠词可表示与各该名词相关的抽象意义。例如：The?music?is?