个人总结-ICMP的协议详解以及实现（国外英文资料）.doc

个人总结-ICMP的协议详解以及实现（国外英文资料） The realization of ping: First check the local arp cache information to see if there is a record of each others MAC address and IP address mapping entries If not, initiate an arp request packet and wait for the person to tell the specific MAC address After receiving the arp response package, you get a specific MAC address for an IP address, and then you can start to communicate with the physical address, and do a local cache for the ip-mac address Issue the icmp echo request package and receive the icmp echo reply package ICMP is in the network layer protocol, not port, and its functionality is different from the type. ICMP is the full name of the Internet Control Message Protocol (Internet Control information Protocol). At all levels of the network architecture, there is a need for control, and different levels have different division of labor and control content. The control function of the IP layer is the most complex, which is responsible for error control and congestion control, and any control is based on information. In network system based on IP datagram, gateway must handle the datagram transmission work on your own, and IP protocol itself is not intrinsic mechanism and process to get the wrong information. To handle these errors, TCP/IP designed the ICMP protocol, and when a gateway found a transmission error, an ICMP message was sent to the source host and the error message was reported. It is a kind of error and control message protocol, not only for transmitting error message, but also for transmitting control message. Second, ICMP message format The ICMP message is included in the IP datagram, which is a user of IP, and the IP header is in front of the ICMP message, So an ICMP message includes IP headers, ICMP headers and ICMP messages (see chart, ICMP message structure and several common ICMP message formats), The Protocol value of the IP header is 1 indicating that this is an ICMP message, and the Type (Type) field in the I