【2017年整理】高中与英语语法：It的用法讲解与练习1.doc

It的用法 It的用法在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点，尤其是it用于强调句。其考查方式多通过“单项填空”进行，偶尔也出现在“短文改错”和“完形填空”中。 一、要点点拔 1．代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。 1) －Who is the baby?　　　 －It‘s my teacher’s son． 2) －Who is that gentleman? －Its my friend Tom．He(不可用It) wants to see you． 2．用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。例如： 1) It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school． 2) It‘s nice and warm here． 3) But its two oclock now, and its time for us to go to school． 3．用作形式主语.it 没有具体意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子后尾，使句子显得平稳一些，能借it 给移至句子后尾的主语有三种：一种由不定式表示，一种由动名词表示，一种由从句表示。 ?1).It 替代真正的主语——动词不定式短语.?????It is easier to say than to do .?????It is a good act to help the others. 2).it 替代真正的主语——动名词短语,以动名词短语做主语的句子，主要在以no good, no use, no harm, dangerous, foolish 等词作表语的句中. It’s no harm drinking running water in that area。 It’s foolish talking like that. 3).it 替代从句作主语，用从句做主语的带it 的句子很多,常见的有下面几类：?① It is a pity (a shame ,a fact ,a wonder ,a good thing, etc. ) that…??????It is a shame that he didn’t pass the exam.?② It is strange ( surprising, obvious?,true, good, possible, clear, etc.?) that… 。??????It was clear that they had no desire for peace.?③ It seems (happened ,turned out, etc.)that…??????It seemed that things were not as they expected. ④ It is said??( decided ,expected ,etc)that …?????It is said that the tickets have been sold out . 4.用作形式宾语。 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,－ing短语或从句往往用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末,句子重心后移。 1) We find it difficult to learn English well in such a short time． 2) We think it no use crying over spilt milk． 3) We made it clear when and where we were going to have the meeting． 5．用于强调句型，即“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who/whom+其它”句型之中。 使用该句型有以下几点请注意：① 强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数. 　　　　 It was yesterday that I met your father in the street． ②不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where、when等连词. It was in the street that I met your father yesterday． ③被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。 It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday． 2) It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday． ④强调句中 也要注意主谓一致、人称一