凤凰国际英语HowtoWriteSummaries.pptVIP

Lesson Seven Summary Writing 读书摘要的写作 Contents What is summary? Features of summary? Writing skills Writing steps Summary writing practice Reading assignment Chapter Outline What is summary? A bridge between reading and writing Definition A summary is a shortened passage, which retains the essential information of the original. It is a fairly brief restatement in your own words of the contents of a passage. A summary is a short account giving the main points of something longer or detailed. Definition of a Summary (in details) A summary is a brief restatement of the essential thought of a longer composition. It reproduces the theme of the original with as few words as possible. When one writes a summary, one should not interpret or comment. All one has to do is to give the gist of the author’s exact and essential meaning. Definition of a Summary A summary is a short version of a longer text, and it gives only the main points. Definition of a Summary 概要(summary)是一种对原始文献（或文章）的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文。它以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的，(不加主观评论和解释)，概要必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容。 Classification of Summaries Descriptive Summary描述型概要： A descriptive summary is often referred to as a descriptive abstract. This type of writing is very important to businessman who wants to keep abreast of (及时了解）what is going on in a field. So invaluable are these descriptive summaries in determining whether or not some particular article is pertinent （恰当地）to a specific interest in entire periodicals and books. In the descriptive summary, you inject no personal feelings or thoughts, presenting the main points of the material objectively. Informative Summary信息型概要： The informative summary tells what is in the work in a paragraph to several pages, depending on the length of the original. Evaluative Summary评价型概要： A summary may evaluate; it may be the purpose of the summary not only to report the gist of a piece of writing but also to comment on its accuracy, completeness, and usefulness.