健康心理学 study guide.docVIP

Study Guide for Health Psychology health psychology： Health psychology is devoted to understanding psychological influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill, and how they respond when they do get ill. Health： A complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.健康，不仅是没有身体缺陷和疾病，还要有完整的生理、心理状态和社会适应能力。 What are the four factors Led to the Development of Health Psychology? changing pattern of illness（类型） the increase in medical costs the changing definition of health the emergence of the biopsychosocial model(出现) The mind-body relationship ： This is the relationship between a human body and its unique mind. Theories of the body-mind relationship can be divided into two broad categories: Monistic and Dualistic theories Psychosomatic medicine： ①.The field of inquiry that searches for psychological or emotional causes for illness. ②.The mind plays an important role in physical illness ③.Ulcers（溃疡） ④.essential hypertension 原发性高血压 ⑤.Skin disorders ⑥.asthma [?sm?] 哮喘、 Biopsychosocial model： Its fundamental assumption is that health and illness are consequences of the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. learned helplessness： A response to helplessness in which an individual not only learns to cease responding in an environment in which helplessness was initially experienced but also ceases to respond in new environments in which adaptive responses are possible. The Health Belief Model HBM is a value-expectancy （价值预期）theory。A theory of health behaviors; the model predicts that whether a person practices a particular health habit can be understood by knowing the degree to which the person perceives a personal health threat and the perception that a particular health practice will be effective in reducing that threat. What are health behaviors? Health behaviors are behaviors undertaken by people to enhance or maintain their health. p.55 Healthy and u