美国农业收入保险的经验及对中国的借鉴.pdfVIP

噩橱111经踊，~.. 美国农业收入保险的经验及对中国的借鉴 何小伟方延娟 (对外经济贸易大学保险学院北京 100029) 摘 要:市场风险正在成为农业生产所面临的突出风险。农业收入保险在美国农产品价格风险管理中发挥着独特 的作用。当前美国农业收入保险的主要类别包括收入保障计划、调整总收入保障计划等 7 种。在保单设计上，美国农 业收入保险通常以农产品期货价格作为价格风险的赔偿依据 并通过设置保障程度选项来控制保险责任。美国农业收 入保险的经验为中国农业保险的发展提供了借鉴。 关键词:农业保险;农业收入保险;价格风险 Experiences of Revenue Insurance of Agriculture in the U.S. and Its Implications for China He Xiaowei , Fang Tingjuan (School o/Insurance, University o/Internationa1 Business and Economics , Beijing 100029) Ab由前t: Agriculture production is now more exposed to market risks than in the past. Since its introduction in the United States, revenue insurance of agricul阳re has developed rapidly and become one of the most effective tools in managing agricultural products price risk. There are at least seven typical revenue insurance of agriculture products in the United States, including Revenue Protection, A司justed Gross Revenue, etc.. Generally, prices 岛r the revenue products of agriculture are based on commodity future markets, and farmers have different coverage levels to choose 企om to control insured liability. China can learn 企om the experiences of the United States. Keyw町ds: agriculture insurance; revenue insurance of agriculture; price risk 0 引言 业生产者的预期，导致农产品供求矛盾接连产生。因 此，妥善应对农产品价格波动风险，不仅有利于稳定 农业是自然再生产和经济再生产相交织的产业， 农业生产者的收入，而且有利于实现农产品市场的供 这一特征决定了农业生产不仅会受到自然风险的影 求平衡。 响，同时还会受到市场风险和技术风险等多种风险的 从全世界来看，在农产品价格风险的管理上，美 影响。从历史上看，尽管自然灾害一直都是农业生产 国经历了多年的探索和实践，有着丰富的经验。过去 所面临的基本风险，然而，随着经济全球化进程的加