制度的信息含义考察：理论及模型.pdfVIP

第九届（2009年）中国经济学年会征文 研究领域：制度经济学 研究领域：制度经济学 研研究究领领域域：：制制度度经经济济学学 ∗ ∗ 制度的信息意义考察：理论与模型∗∗ 内容摘要：本文以信息理论对制度进行了重新考察和模型化。论文认为，就信息意义上 看，制度首先作为编码体系而存在，当该编码体系发展成为公共知识时，制度的群体约束性 特点得到表现，当该体系进一步获得跨时性后，制度就或多或少具有了文化的特质。论文接 着对该理论进行了模型化，在物物交易基本模型中，以改变交易者信息集的方式引入制度变 量，从而论证了：当制度性信息趋近于公共知识时，稳定均衡总是存在；当制度性信息远离 公共知识时，均衡的存在只能倚赖于一个强大且及时的惩罚机制；而当交易在群际发生时， 获得好商品的激励本身就将促进制度化的发生。 关键词：制度；编码；公共知识；均衡 JEL JEL JJEELL：C01；E17；O11；O16；O57 AnInformational ConsiderationonInstitution:Theoryand Modeling Abstract: Abstract: AAbbssttrraacctt::The paper reconsiders and models institutionon the base of information theories. The paper thinks that institution should be viewed as a codification system in the first place, that when this system becomes common knowledge, the institution would function as a restriction mechanism on the group, that when this system becomes over-timing, the institution would have the characteristic of culture. The paper then tries to model the theory above. Based on a barter model, the paper introduces an institutional information variable, and proves that when this institutional variable goes close to 1, which means it is close to common knowledge, some stable equilibrium would always exist; and when the variable goes close to 0, the existence of equilibrium would have to depend only ona strong and timely punishment mechanism; and when the exchanges happen between two or more groups, the incentive of getting goods itself would be enough toleadtotheso-called institutionalization. Keywords: Keywords: KKeeyywwoorrddss::institution; codification; commonknowledge; equilibrium ∗ 本文在成文过程中从和美国华盛顿大学（UW）Yoram Barzel 教授的经常性讨论中获益，密执安州立大学 （MSU）AlanSchmid教授则校订了全文，并提出两个重要的参考意见，另外，在MSU的seminar中 ，John Staatz 教授和Lui