Grammar_1语法.ppt

Revise the Infinitive ;Do you believe I can fly like a bird?;How can you believe I can fly like a bird?;Marty says…;4. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.;Marty says…;不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。;动词不定式的作用 Functions of Infinitive ;1 不定式作主语 (subject);My job to protect the world. ; Seeing is to believe. To see is believing. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.;Yao Ming likes to play basketball. I find it still necessary (for him) to have a try if he wants to win.;常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： agree, afford, appear, ask, attempt, care, choose, claim, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, expect, fail, get, hate, hesitate, hope, hurry, intend, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, threaten, want, wish。;4 不定式作宾补 (object complement);The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help.; listen to ;1. They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.;不定式做宾补时不带to的情况;3 不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时, 如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 各种形式, 那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to。;5 不定式作定语 (attribute);1. 不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 (a) She was very busy and had no time to visit her friends. (b) Ladies and gentlemen, I have something important to tell you.;不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间有 三种关系：;2. 当名词被the first ,the last, the only 等词以及形容词最高级修饰时 eg: She is always the first to come and the last to leave.;注意比较：; 4. 如果不定式是不及物动词, 则后面需 适当的介词。 Please pass me some paper to write ____. ;I got up early to _____________.You came here tovisit me.;eg: He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.;2. 表示原因: 不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语, sorry, surprised, happy, glad, eager, angry, foolish, right, wrong, slow, quick, rude, cruel, disappointed等。;so